Author: PRASANNASRI26092001

THE ROLE OF NATIONAL LEGAL FRAMEWORKS IN IMPLEMENTING INTERNATIONAL CLIMATE AGREEMENTS: A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF ENVIRONMENTAL POLICIES BETWEEN INDIA AND GERMANY

AUTHOR – MADHUR TIWARI, RESEARCH SCHOLAR AT AMITY LAW SCHOOL, NOIDA, UTTAR PRADESH. EMAIL – MADHURT88@GMAIL.COM

BEST CITATION – MADHUR TIWARI, THE ROLE OF NATIONAL LEGAL FRAMEWORKS IN IMPLEMENTING INTERNATIONAL CLIMATE AGREEMENTS: A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF ENVIRONMENTAL POLICIES BETWEEN INDIA AND GERMANY, INDIAN JOURNAL OF LEGAL REVIEW (IJLR), 5 (5) OF 2025, PG. 451-463, APIS – 3920 – 0001 & ISSN – 2583-2344

Abstract

The growing worldwide climate problem calls for strong national legal systems to turn international climate accords into efficient home policy.  With a comparison of environmental policies in India and Germany, this study paper investigates how national legal frameworks implement international climate obligations.  Both countries, as members to treaties such as the Paris Agreement, have particular difficulties and possibilities in matching their legal systems with worldwide climate objectives.  Supported by legislation like the Environment Protection Act, 1986, and policies such as the National Action Plan on Climate Change, India, a rising country, strikes environmental sustainability against fast growth and energy access.  A developed country, Germany uses its Federal Climate Change Act and Energiewende project to push bold carbon cuts under a robust European Union framework.  This paper uses a qualitative comparative method to examine the structure, enforcement, and efficacy of legal systems in both nations, therefore stressing similarities (e.g., renewable energy emphasis) and differences (e.g., economic settings, federal governance). It investigates how India’s adaptation-oriented policies differ from Germany’s mitigation-centric ones and assesses their individual advancement towards Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs).  Examined together with best practices—Germany’s regulatory strictness and India’s distributed inventions—are key issues including India’s coal reliance and Germany’s industrial pollution.  The results highlight the need of context-specific legal systems in reaching worldwide climate goals and provide suggestions for cross-learning and policy improvement.  This study helps to clarify how different legal customs and socio-economic reality affect the execution of international climate agreements by contrasting a developing with a developed country, hence opening the path for more efficient worldwide climate control.

Keywords: National action plan; environmental policy; India; Germany; climate agreements

INFLUENCE OF CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY ON BRAND LOYALTY

AUTHOR – SAATHVIKA RAMGOPAL* & PROF. DR. LALITH KUMAR J**

* STUDENT AT VELLORE INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, CHENNAI. EMAIL –  SAATHVIKA.RAMGOPAL2021@VITSTUDENT.AC.IN

** ASSISTANT PROFESSOR AT VELLORE INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, CHENNAI. EMAIL –  LALITHKUMAR.J@VIT.AC.IN

BEST CITATION – SAATHVIKA RAMGOPAL & PROF. DR. LALITH KUMAR J, INFLUENCE OF CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY ON BRAND LOYALTY, CHALLENGES AND FUTURE TRENDS, INDIAN JOURNAL OF LEGAL REVIEW (IJLR), 5 (5) OF 2025, PG. 442-449, APIS – 3920 – 0001 & ISSN – 2583-2344

Abstract

This study explores the impact of Corporate Social Responsibility on consumer brand loyalty through distinct CSR activities that influence consumers’ perceptions and behaviors. The research looks into the moderating effect of consumer skepticism, especially in relation to greenwashing on CSR effectiveness. It also gauges the effectiveness of various communication channels such as websites, advertisements, and social media in promoting consumer engagement with CSR efforts. Using a quantitative survey of 140 adult individuals between the ages of 18 and 50 in Chennai, data were drawn from a convenience sample. Results reveal that measures for environmental sustainability form the largest influence on consumer choice, with 50% of respondents claiming to select brands based on their CSR activities. Nonetheless, 60% of participants reported being skeptic, viewing most brands’ CSR activities as ‘aspects of marketing hoopla’. Social media must become the preferred CSR communication platform. This is evident since most respondents reported learning about CSR initiatives through social media, 45%. The study lays it out as an imperative that true and transparent CSR techniques are needed by brands to gain consumers’ trust and loyalty.

Keywords: Brand Loyalty, Corporate Social Responsibility, Consumer, Greenwashing

NAVIGATING COMPLEXITY: MERGERS AND ACQUISITIONS IN AUTOMOTIVE INDUSTRY – STRATEGIES, CHALLENGES AND FUTURE TRENDS

AUTHOR – S K SUNDARAKUMAR* & PROF. DR. LALITH KUMAR J**

* STUDENT AT VELLORE INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, CHENNAI. EMAIL – SUNDARAKUMAR.SK2021@VITSTUDENT.AC.IN

** ASSISTANT PROFESSOR AT VELLORE INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, CHENNAI. EMAIL –  LALITHKUMAR.J@VIT.AC.IN

BEST CITATION – S K SUNDARAKUMAR & PROF. DR. LALITH KUMAR J, NAVIGATING COMPLEXITY: MERGERS AND ACQUISITIONS IN AUTOMOTIVE INDUSTRY – STRATEGIES, CHALLENGES AND FUTURE TRENDS, INDIAN JOURNAL OF LEGAL REVIEW (IJLR), 5 (5) OF 2025, PG. 424-431, APIS – 3920 – 0001 & ISSN – 2583-2344

ABSTRACT

The article analyses the contemporary Mergers and Acquisitions landscape in the automotive industry and identifies the macroeconomic, strategic, and technological drivers behind these transactions. Mergers and Acquisitions is becoming an essential growth strategy for manufacturers operating in a wide space of globalization, digital transformation, and pressure related to sustainability. To accomplish growth, innovation, and operational efficiency, automakers engage in Mergers and Acquisitions. Nonetheless, the process involves great difficulties, including cultural integration, overestimation of synergies, financial risks, and regulatory hurdles. The research covers key drivers of Mergers and Acquisitions, including entry into emerging markets, cost effectiveness through lean manufacturing, and the utilization of digital transformation to produce hybrid physical-digital products. Future trends will be characterized by a growing shift toward green and sustainable mergers, with companies adapting environmental and business strategies to accommodate stricter regulatory standards and correspond to the growing eco-consciousness of consumers. It has also brought opportunities to traditional automakers in getting new innovative technologies across Electric Vehicles, autonomous driving, and connected systems to diversify product portfolios. This article also unfolds the ways in which venture capital accelerates Mergers and Acquisitions activities to penetrate breakthrough technology by co-investing in start-ups while mitigating risks. Lessons learned from previous transactions are presented by case study examples of prominent mergers such as those between Daimler-Benz and Chrysler, Tata Motors and Jaguar Land Rover, and Volkswagen and Porsche. Thus, the article concludes with a balanced approach for Mergers and Acquisitions in the automotive sector incorporating cultural alignment, technological innovation, sustainability, and regulation compliance, hence preparing to be resilient and competitive within a rapidly evolving global market.

Keywords: Automotive industry, mergers and acquisitions, cultural integration, sustainability, venture capital, post-merger strategies.

PROTECTING THE RIGHTS OF WORKING CHILDREN IN INDIA: A STUDY OF EXISTING MECHANISMS AND CHALLENGES

AUTHOR – SUDHANSHU RAJ* & DR.MUDRA SINGH**

* STUDENT AT AMITY UNIVERSITY LUCKNOW

** ASSISTANT PROFESSOR AT AMITY UNIVERSITY LUCKNOW

BEST CITATION – SUDHANSHU RAJ* & DR.MUDRA SINGH, PROTECTING THE RIGHTS OF WORKING CHILDREN IN INDIA: A STUDY OF EXISTING MECHANISMS AND CHALLENGES, INDIAN JOURNAL OF LEGAL REVIEW (IJLR), 5 (5) OF 2025, PG. 415-423, APIS – 3920 – 0001 & ISSN – 2583-2344

Abstract

Despite India’s constitutional guarantees and legislative measures, the rights of working children continue to face significant challenges. This research paper analyses the existing mechanisms — legislative, judicial, and policy-based — aimed at protecting working children and highlights the persistent barriers hindering their effective implementation. It argues that although frameworks like the Child Labour (Prohibition and Regulation) Act, 1986 and the Right to Education Act, 2009 have contributed positively, enforcement gaps, socio-economic disparities, and cultural practices perpetuate the exploitation of working children. Through empirical data and graphical analysis, this study evaluates the effectiveness of current measures and proposes recommendations for a more integrated, rights-based approach.

Despite India’s constitutional guarantees and legislative measures, the rights of working children continue to face significant challenges. This research paper analyses the existing mechanisms — legislative, judicial, and policy-based — aimed at protecting working children and highlights the persistent barriers hindering their effective implementation. It argues that although frameworks like the Child Labour (Prohibition and Regulation) Act, 1986 and the Right to Education Act, 2009 have contributed positively, enforcement gaps, socio-economic disparities, and cultural practices perpetuate the exploitation of working children. Through empirical data and graphical analysis, this study evaluates the effectiveness of current measures and proposes recommendations for a more integrated, rights-based approach.

Further, this paper examines the evolving nature of child labour in the context of economic globalization and technological change. It critically assesses the role of international obligations, constitutional mandates, legislative interventions, and policy initiatives in India. By drawing on case studies and field data, it highlights the multifaceted dimensions of child labour — including bonded labour, domestic work, and hazardous occupations — and argues for a rights-based framework that addresses root causes rather than symptoms. Ultimately, this paper seeks to contribute towards creating a protective environment where every child can realize their full potential free from exploitation.

THE IMPACT OF CYBER TERRORISM ON CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE AND NATIONAL SECURITY

AUTHOR – YASH THAKUR* & KUNVAR DUSHYANT SINGH**

* STUDENT AT AMITY LAW SCHOOL, AMITY UNIVERSITY UTTAR PRADESH LUCKNOW CAMPUS

** ASSISTANT PROFESSOR AT AMITY LAW SCHOOL, AMITY UNIVERSITY UTTAR PRADESH LUCKNOW CAMPUS

BEST CITATION – YASH THAKUR & KUNVAR DUSHYANT SINGH, THE IMPACT OF CYBER TERRORISM ON CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE AND NATIONAL SECURITY, INDIAN JOURNAL OF LEGAL REVIEW (IJLR), 5 (5) OF 2025, PG. 415-420, APIS – 3920 – 0001 & ISSN – 2583-2344

ABSTRACT

Cyberterrorism, the deliberate use of computer networks to cause harm or disruption, has emerged as a significant threat to national security and the integrity of critical infrastructure. This paper examines the multifaceted impact of cyberterrorism on critical infrastructure, exploring its potential consequences, vulnerabilities, and the challenges it poses to national security. The paper discusses the various forms of cyberterrorism, including denial-of-service attacks, data theft, and malware infections, and their potential to disrupt essential services, cause economic losses, and undermine public trust. It also analyzes the vulnerabilities of critical infrastructure, such as interconnectedness, complexity, and human error, and the challenges of defending against cyber threats. The paper concludes by discussing strategies for addressing the cyberterrorism threat, including enhanced cybersecurity measures, international cooperation, public-private partnerships, and increased public awareness.

Keywords: cyberterrorism, infrastructure, vulnerabilities, cybersecurity, interconnectedness

PARLIAMENTARY SOVEREIGNTY VS. JUDICIAL SUPREMACY: ANALYSING THEIR IMPACT ON UPHOLDING PEOPLE’S RIGHTS IN COMPARATIVE CONSTITUTIONAL LAW

AUTHOR – ISHA DEVESHWAR, RESEARCH SCHOLAR AT AMITY LAW SCHOOL, NOIDA, UTTAR PRADESH. EMAIL – ISHADEVESHWAR54@GMAIL.COM

BEST CITATION – ISHA DEVESHWAR, PARLIAMENTARY SOVEREIGNTY VS. JUDICIAL SUPREMACY: ANALYSING THEIR IMPACT ON UPHOLDING PEOPLE’S RIGHTS IN COMPARATIVE CONSTITUTIONAL LAW, INDIAN JOURNAL OF LEGAL REVIEW (IJLR), 5 (5) OF 2025, PG. 402-414, APIS – 3920 – 0001 & ISSN – 2583-2344

Abstract

 Examining the principles of Parliamentary Sovereignty and Judicial Supremacy, this article evaluates their individual effects on protecting people’s rights inside comparative constitutional settings.  Common in the United Kingdom, Parliamentary Sovereignty stresses the total legislative power of Parliament, hence claiming that any other institution cannot override legislation passed by it.  On the other hand, Judicial Supremacy, shown by the constitutional framework of the United States and India, gives the court, especially the Supreme Court, power to interpret constitutional provisions, therefore possibly overriding legislative acts by means of judicial review to preserve basic rights.  This study investigates how every theory influences the safeguarding of democratic government and civil rights.  The article looks at historic cases and constitutional changes in the UK, India, and the US using a comparative constitutional method, hence stressing the conflict between legislative purpose and judicial interpretation.  Although Parliamentary Sovereignty can provide clarity and democratic legitimacy, it runs the risk of majoritarian dominance and the violation of minority rights.  Though important in protecting rights against political excesses, Judicial Supremacy could also cause worries about democratic deficiency and judicial activity, hence challenging the suitable boundaries of judicial power.  By means of this comparative study, the article finds that no theory in isolation ensures the efficient defence of people’s rights.  A balanced approach—constitutional discussion or cooperation between the legislature and judiciary—instead may perhaps harmonise democratic responsibility with strong rights protection.  Therefore, knowing how various countries balance these precepts offers insightful analysis of constitutional design and the continuous struggle to defend individual rights among rival institutional forces.

Keywords: Parliamentary Sovereignty, Judicial Supremacy, Comparative Constitutional Law, Fundamental Rights, Judicial Review

EFFECTIVENESS OF LABOUR WELFARE SCHEMES IN INDIA

AUTHOR – JOTHI LIVINCY, STUDENT AT TAMILNADU DR AMBEDKAR LAW UNIVERSITY- SCHOOL OF EXCELLENCE IN LAW

BEST CITATION – JOTHI LIVINCY, EFFECTIVENESS OF LABOUR WELFARE SCHEMES IN INDIA, INDIAN JOURNAL OF LEGAL REVIEW (IJLR), 5 (5) OF 2025, PG. 397-401, APIS – 3920 – 0001 & ISSN – 2583-2344

ABSTRACT:

 Labour welfare schemes in India play a crucial role in improving the working conditions, economic security, and overall well-being of the workforce. This research paper delves into the various aspects of labour welfare schemes, analysing their features, objectives, opportunities, and challenges, while concluding with insights on their effectiveness and potential improvements. It also incorporates recent statistics, case studies, and reforms to provide a comprehensive overview.

Keywords: Labour welfare, social security, industrial relations, worker well-being, labour laws, India, workforce productivity, statutory welfare, non-statutory welfare, economic security

CARING FOR MOTHERS: A LOOK AT INDIA’S MATERNITY SUPPORT SYSTEM

AUTHOR – JEYASHREE.A.R, STUDENT AT TAMILNADU DR. AMBEDKAR LAW UNIVERSITY- SCHOOL OF EXCELLENCE IN LAW.

BEST CITATION – JEYASHREE.A.R, CARING FOR MOTHERS: A LOOK AT INDIA’S MATERNITY SUPPORT SYSTEM, INDIAN JOURNAL OF LEGAL REVIEW (IJLR), 5 (5) OF 2025, PG. 389-396, APIS – 3920 – 0001 & ISSN – 2583-2344

ABSTRACT

The Maternity Benefit Act, 1961, and its related programs play a crucial role in protecting the health and rights of working women in India, especially during pregnancy and postnatal periods. This article evaluates the impact of the Act and schemes like Janani Suraksha Yojana (JSY) and Maternity Benefit Programme (MBP), which aim to reduce maternal mortality and financial burden. Despite various efforts, gaps remain in coverage, particularly for women in the informal sector. International examples show that paid maternity leave and cash benefits can improve child health, reduce maternal stress, and promote breastfeeding. However, India’s approach often limits benefits to certain births or conditions, affecting the most vulnerable. The article examines legislative provisions, implementation issues, and the outcomes of maternity benefit programs on maternal health, gender equality, and labour force participation. It argues that maternity benefits should be universal, unconditional, and treated as a human right and public investment in human capital.

Keywords: Maternity Benefit Act, reproductive rights, informal sector, gender equality, cash transfer schemes.

EVALUATING THE EFFECTIVENESS OF THE MATERNITY BENEFIT (AMENDMENT) ACT, 2017 IN PROMOTING WORKPLACE EQUALITY AND MATERNAL HEALTH IN INDIA

AUTHOR – ABISHEK.N,STUDENT OF SCHOOL OF EXCELLENCE IN LAW, THE TAMIL NADU DR. AMBEDKAR LAW UNIVERSITY

BEST CITATION – ABISHEK.N, EVALUATING THE EFFECTIVENESS OF THE MATERNITY BENEFIT (AMENDMENT) ACT, 2017 IN PROMOTING WORKPLACE EQUALITY AND MATERNAL HEALTH IN INDIA, INDIAN JOURNAL OF LEGAL REVIEW (IJLR), 5 (5) OF 2025, PG. 382-388, APIS – 3920 – 0001 & ISSN – 2583-2344

Abstract:-

This research examines the Maternity Benefit (Amendment) Act, 2017, and its implications for workplace equality and maternal health in India. The original Maternity Benefit Act, 1961, was a significant step in ensuring that women employees were entitled to maternity leave, job protection, and related benefits. However, as the needs of the modern workforce evolved, the Act required updates to address contemporary challenges related to women’s health and participation in the labor market. The 2017 Amendment marked a pivotal moment by extending the duration of paid maternity leave from 12 to 26 weeks, which is one of the longest periods of maternity leave in the world. The law also introduced provisions for adoptive and commissioning mothers, providing them with 12 weeks of paid leave, thus recognizing non-biological pathways to motherhood.

One of the most noteworthy changes in the 2017 Amendment is the mandate for crèche facilities at establishments with 50 or more employees. This provision is aimed at supporting women who return to work after childbirth by allowing them to breastfeed and care for their infants during working hours. It reflects a growing recognition of the need for family-friendly work environments that can help women balance their professional and personal responsibilities. Additionally, the Amendment introduces the option for women to work from home after childbirth, providing flexibility for those in roles that can accommodate remote work.

Despite these significant advancements, the implementation of the Act continues to face various challenges. One of the key issues is the lack of awareness about the provisions of the law among both employers and employees, which leads to inconsistent application across different industries. Small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), in particular, may face difficulties in providing crèche facilities, thereby limiting the reach of the law. Furthermore, while the Act applies to establishments with 10 or more employees, the unorganized sector remains largely unaddressed, leaving a large portion of the female workforce without the protection and benefits provided by the law.

In light of these challenges, this research suggests several policy recommendations for improving the implementation of the Maternity Benefit Act. These include the establishment of a government-funded maternity benefit scheme to ease the financial burden on employers, especially those in SMEs, extending the Act’s coverage to the unorganized sector, and providing tax incentives to companies that comply with the crèche facility requirement. Furthermore, awareness campaigns and regular monitoring are necessary to ensure that the law’s provisions are fully implemented.

Through this analysis, the research highlights the potential of the Maternity Benefit (Amendment) Act, 2017, to advance gender equality in the workplace, promote maternal health, and create a more supportive work environment for women. However, it also emphasizes the need for continuous reforms, better enforcement mechanisms, and broader coverage to ensure that the benefits reach all women, particularly those in vulnerable sectors. Ultimately, the successful implementation of this Act is essential for advancing the rights of women in India and fostering a more inclusive and equitable labor market.

Keywords:- Crèche facilities, women workers, unorganized sector, flexible work arrangements, women empowerment.

AN ANALYSIS OF GIG WORKERS AND THE CHALLENGES SURROUNDING THEIR EMPLOYMENT

AUTHOR – JANANI P, STUDENT OF SCHOOL OF EXCELLENCE IN LAW, THE TAMIL NADU DR. AMBEDKAR LAW UNIVERSITY

BEST CITATION – JANANI P, AN ANALYSIS OF GIG WORKERS AND THE CHALLENGES SURROUNDING THEIR EMPLOYMENT, INDIAN JOURNAL OF LEGAL REVIEW (IJLR), 5 (5) OF 2025, PG. 376-381, APIS – 3920 – 0001 & ISSN – 2583-2344

ABSTRACT

There are around 450 million unorganized laborers in India, making up 92.4% of the country’s employment.  Approximately 83% of the workforce is employed in the unorganized sector. Remarkably, a brand-new unorganized labor market known as “gig workers” or “platform-based” workers has arisen in the past ten years.  The Unorganized Workers’ Social Security Act of 2008 defines an “unorganized worker” as a wage worker, self-employed worker, or home-based worker.  Gig workers may not be included in this definition, but they are covered by the second clause, which states that no labor regulation defines the word. Since they are hired by companies using digital applications, resulting in a platform-dependent employment structure, they are referred to as platform workers. The first Indian state to create legislation protecting gig workers and giving them a sufficient regulatory framework to stop exploitation of their freelancing employment was Rajasthan. This essay examines a number of gig economy-related topics while accounting for the growing need for platform labor. It also offers a well-thought-out framework for harmonious connections between the aggregator and the workers, as well as specific actions to fulfill their requirements. During the COVID-19 epidemic, the gig economy flourished in large part because it was useful for delivering necessities, food, and transportation services, all of which were severely impacted. The scope of the research is limited to discussing various issues faced by platform workers (workers employed by aggregators like Swiggy, Ola, Uber etc.) and suggesting certain solutions for the same.

Keywords : Gig Workers, Digital Platform, Social Security, Redressal Mechanism, Platform Workers