Category: Volume 5 and Issue 3 of 2025

ROLE OF THE NATIONAL COMMISSION FOR WOMEN IN SAFEGUARDING WOMEN’S RIGHTS

AUTHOR – VARSHA D. VYAS, ASSISTANT PROFESSOR AT M.K.E.S COLLEGE OF LAW

BEST CITATION – VARSHA D. VYAS, ROLE OF THE NATIONAL COMMISSION FOR WOMEN IN SAFEGUARDING WOMEN’S RIGHTS, INDIAN JOURNAL OF LEGAL REVIEW (IJLR), 5 (3) OF 2025, PG. 30-32, APIS – 3920 – 0001 & ISSN – 2583-2344.

This article is published in the collaborated special issue of M.K.E.S. College of Law and the Institute of Legal Education (ILE), titled “Women’s Rights and Legal Reforms” (ISBN: 978-81-968842-4-6). .

Abstract

Women’s rights are fundamental to achieving gender equality and ensuring social justice. In India, the National Commission for Women (NCW) plays a pivotal role in protecting and promoting the rights of women. The NCW is entrusted with various responsibilities aimed at safeguarding the rights of women. The NCW continuously reviews existing laws and recommends necessary amendments to ensure they align with contemporary challenges faced by women. To empower women, the NCW organizes awareness campaigns, workshops, and training programs. The NCW monitors and evaluates the implementation of various government schemes and policies related to women’s welfare. Over the years, the NCW has played a crucial role in advocating for women’s rights and bringing about significant reforms. Despite its significant contributions, the NCW faces several challenges in fully achieving its mandate. The National Commission for Women plays a vital role in upholding and safeguarding women’s rights in India. While it has made significant strides in addressing gender issues, strengthening its authority and resources can further enhance its effectiveness.

Keywords: National Commission for women, gender equality, functions of NCW, right of women, achievements of NCW

RESERVATION OF WOMEN IN PARLIAMENT

AUTHOR – KHYATI SWETANG JOSHI, STUDENT AT MKES COLLEGE OF LAW

BEST CITATION – KHYATI SWETANG JOSHI, RESERVATION OF WOMEN IN PARLIAMENT, INDIAN JOURNAL OF LEGAL REVIEW (IJLR), 5 (3) OF 2025, PG. 24-29, APIS – 3920 – 0001 & ISSN – 2583-2344.

This article is published in the collaborated special issue of M.K.E.S. College of Law and the Institute of Legal Education (ILE), titled “Women’s Rights and Legal Reforms” (ISBN: 978-81-968842-4-6). .

ABSTRACT:

The reservation of seats for women in parliament may be a vital step towards accomplishing gender balance in legislative issues. In spite of comprising half of the populace, women’s representation in authoritative bodies remains wretchedly. This unique investigates the concept of reservation for women in parliament, its benefits, and the challenges related with its implementation. Women’s underrepresentation in legislative issues could be a worldwide wonder. In India, in spite of the 73^rd and 74^th Protected Corrections saving one-third of seats for women in administration, women’s representation in parliament remains restricted. The Bill called as the “Nari Shakti Vandan Adhiniyam’ has been hailed by the Prime Minister Narendra Modi who hailed the transit of the women’s quantity charge, calling it a “defining moment in our nation’s law-based journey”.^[1]Reservation of seats for women in parliament could be a significant step towards accomplishing gender uniformity in legislative issues. Whereas challenges continue, the benefits of women’s cooperation in legislative issues are verifiable. Actualizing and fortifying reservation arrangements can offer assistance advance gender uniformity and empower women to gotten to be dynamic members within the policymaking prepare. 

Keywords: women empowerment, women representation in parliament, reserve seat of women.

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[1] https://legal.economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/editors-desk/women-now-have-1/3rd-seats-reserved-in-the-worlds-largest-democracy/103863151

VIRTUAL VIOLENCE: UNDERSTANDING CYBERCRIME AGAINST WOMEN

AUTHOR – YOGESH PRASAD KOLEKAR, ASSISTANT PROFESSOR AT M.K.E.S COLLEGE OF LAW

BEST CITATION – YOGESH PRASAD KOLEKAR, VIRTUAL VIOLENCE: UNDERSTANDING CYBERCRIME AGAINST WOMEN, INDIAN JOURNAL OF LEGAL REVIEW (IJLR), 5 (3) OF 2025, PG. 20-23, APIS – 3920 – 0001 & ISSN – 2583-2344.

This article is published in the collaborated special issue of M.K.E.S. College of Law and the Institute of Legal Education (ILE), titled “Women’s Rights and Legal Reforms” (ISBN: 978-81-968842-4-6). .

ABSTRACT

In the digital age, the internet has become an integral part of our lives, offering countless opportunities for communication, education, and empowerment. Cybercrime against women encompasses a wide range of offenses, including online harassment, stalking, defamation, morphing, revenge porn, and identity theft. Cybercrime refers to criminal activities that are executed through the use of electronic devices, such as computers or mobile phones. Cybercrime against women refers to any criminal activity that targets women using digital technologies. These crimes often exploit the anonymity and reach of the internet to harass, intimidate, or harm women. Persistent online harassment encompasses actions such as sending threatening or abusive messages, tracking a woman’s online presence, or repeatedly reaching out without her permission. The act of disseminating false or harmful information about a woman across social media or other online channels is known as online defamation. India has taken significant steps to address cybercrime against women through a combination of specific laws and amendments to existing legislation. The primary legal frameworks include the Information Technology Act, 2000 and under Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023

Keywords: Cybercrime against women, virtual violence, cyberstalking, online defamation, Information Technology Act, 2000

DISCRIMINATION ON THE BASIS OF GENDER WITHIN A WORKPLACE SETTING- A CRITICAL REVIEW OF THE LAW AND SUGGESTIONS FOR CHANGES

AUTHOR – HONEY TARUN THAKKAR, STUDENT AT M.K.E.S. COLLEGE OF LAW

BEST CITATION – HONEY TARUN THAKKAR, DISCRIMINATION ON THE BASIS OF GENDER WITHIN A WORKPLACE SETTING- A CRITICAL REVIEW OF THE LAW AND SUGGESTIONS FOR CHANGES, INDIAN JOURNAL OF LEGAL REVIEW (IJLR), 5 (3) OF 2025, PG. 16-19, APIS – 3920 – 0001 & ISSN – 2583-2344.

This article is published in the collaborated special issue of M.K.E.S. College of Law and the Institute of Legal Education (ILE), titled “Women’s Rights and Legal Reforms” (ISBN: 978-81-968842-4-6). .

Abstract

Workplace gender discrimination is a persistent problem that violates fundamental human rights and impedes economic growth. In spite of considerable advancement through legislation, women and other marginalized gender groups still suffer from wage gaps, workplace bullying, and advancement barriers. This article studies the Indian legal system’s approach toward gender discrimination, including its constitutional, labor, and judicial components. It assesses the gap between the Indian legal system and international expectations as well. The paper ends with recommendations for laws and policies that create equitable access to workplaces.

Keywords: discriminatory behavior, equal opportunity, employment abuse, glass ceiling, integrated legal system, prevention of sexual harassment Act, Equal Remuneration Act, case law, CEDAW, ILO policy reforms.

THE STATUS OF WOMEN IN INDIA POST-INDEPENDENCE

AUTHOR – URVASHI NAVIN LIMBACHIYA, STUDENT AT M.K.E.S COLLEGE OF LAW

BEST CITATION – URVASHI NAVIN LIMBACHIYA, THE STATUS OF WOMEN IN INDIA POST-INDEPENDENCE, INDIAN JOURNAL OF LEGAL REVIEW (IJLR), 5 (3) OF 2025, PG. 12-15, APIS – 3920 – 0001 & ISSN – 2583-2344.

This article is published in the collaborated special issue of M.K.E.S. College of Law and the Institute of Legal Education (ILE), titled “Women’s Rights and Legal Reforms” (ISBN: 978-81-968842-4-6). .

Abstract

India’s post-independence era marked a significant shift in the status and roles of women in society. Post-independence, the transformation of women’s status has been a multifaceted process, influenced by changes in laws, economic opportunities, education, and cultural shifts. One of the most notable changes post-independence was the adoption of the Indian Constitution in 1950, which guaranteed fundamental rights to all citizens, regardless of gender. Access to education for women improved significantly in post-independence India. The government played a key role by establishing numerous schools, universities, and vocational programs aimed at increasing female literacy and providing women with better opportunities for career advancement. The rise of women in the workforce has been a key aspect of post-independence societal change. Traditionally, women were primarily engaged in agriculture, but with the introduction of new economic policies, women found increasing opportunities in urban industries and services. Women’s participation in politics has been a significant milestone in post-independence India. Despite the legal and social strides, women in India still face significant challenges in achieving full equality

Keywords: Status of women, legal and constitutional reforms, educational reforms, political empowerment of women, National Policy on the Empowerment of Women, 2001

WOMEN’s ACCESS TO JUSTICE IN INDIA

AUTHOR – HUMERA ALI SHAIKH, STUDENT AT M.K.E.S. COLLEGE OF LAW

BEST CITATION – HUMERA ALI SHAIKH, SAFETY OF WOMEN IN INDIA, INDIAN JOURNAL OF LEGAL REVIEW (IJLR), 5 (3) OF 2025, PG. 01-03, APIS – 3920 – 0001 & ISSN – 2583-2344.

This article is published in the collaborated special issue of M.K.E.S. College of Law and the Institute of Legal Education (ILE), titled “Women’s Rights and Legal Reforms” (ISBN: 978-81-968842-4-6). .

INTRODUCTION

Women access to justice in India is an important issue that reflects gender inequality, social stigma and extensive social trends of patriarchal structures. Despite legal process, the reality for many women in India is that justice remains elusive due to many systemic obstacles. However, in the last few decades, there has been significant progress in legal reforms and awareness about women’s rights has increased, although challenges persist.

REPRODUCTIVE RIGHTS WOMEN IN INDIA

AUTHOR – ALAM MOHOMMED RAZA, STUDENT AT M.K.E.S. COLLEGE OF LAW

BEST CITATION – ALAM MOHOMMED RAZA, REPRODUCTIVE RIGHTS WOMEN IN INDIA, INDIAN JOURNAL OF LEGAL REVIEW (IJLR), 5 (3) OF 2025, PG. 04-06, APIS – 3920 – 0001 & ISSN – 2583-2344.

This article is published in the collaborated special issue of M.K.E.S. College of Law and the Institute of Legal Education (ILE), titled “Women’s Rights and Legal Reforms” (ISBN: 978-81-968842-4-6). .

ABSTRACT

The reproductive rights of women in India encompass a wide array of legal, social, and healthcare-related concerns, including the availability of contraception, abortion services, maternal healthcare, and protections against forced sterilization. Reproductive rights are fundamental to the well-being and autonomy of individuals, particularly women. There must be active elimination of gender, race, socioeconomic, or any other discrimination that infringes on the rights of people. India’s reproductive rights landscape is complex, with legal progress often clashing with social attitudes and practices. Landmark cases such as the 2022 MTP case and the decriminalization of homosexuality reflect a growing acknowledgment of individual rights and the importance of personal autonomy in reproductive decision-making.

Keywords: Reproductive rights of women, human rights of women, maternal health of women, protection of women, gender equality

SAFETY OF WOMEN IN INDIA

AUTHOR – ISHA NAVIN CHHEDA, STUDENT AT M.K.E.S. COLLEGE OF LAW

BEST CITATION – ISHA NAVIN CHHEDA, SAFETY OF WOMEN IN INDIA, INDIAN JOURNAL OF LEGAL REVIEW (IJLR), 5 (3) OF 2025, PG. 07-11, APIS – 3920 – 0001 & ISSN – 2583-2344.

This article is published in the collaborated special issue of M.K.E.S. College of Law and the Institute of Legal Education (ILE), titled “Women’s Rights and Legal Reforms” (ISBN: 978-81-968842-4-6). .

Abstract

In 2025, India has grown both in terms of economy and technology, and the gender equality conversation is becoming increasingly prominent. The National Crime Records Bureau reports a staggering 445,256 crimes against women in India in the year 2024. “Safety of Women” means wherever the women go she feels safe. She must not fear marriage because of risk of domestic violence. She must not fear to go outside because of increasing rape rates. Crimes against women are increasing in India at an alarming rate. India ranks abysmally low at the 128th position among the 177 countries in the Women Peace and Security Index. Daily, according to the data by NCRB, 88 rape cases take place certainly many are unreported. The Indian Constitution provides equality between men and women, yet it also permits the States to permit positive discrimination in favor of women by passing certain laws and rules in their respective States for women.

Keywords: Safety of women, crime against women, constitutional provisions for women, government initiates for women, national commission for women