AIR POLLUTION – A THREAT TO HUMAN SUSTAINABILITY

AUTHOR – YASHASWI GUPTA* & DR. RESHMA UMAIR**

* STUDENT AT AMITY UNIVERSITY LUCKNOW

** ASSISTANT PROFESSOR AT AMITY UNIVERSITY LUCKNOW

BEST CITATION -YASHASWI GUPTA* & DR. RESHMA UMAIR, AIR POLLUTION – A THREAT TO HUMAN SUSTAINABILITY, INDIAN JOURNAL OF LEGAL REVIEW (IJLR), 5 (6) OF 2025, PG. 754-766, APIS – 3920 – 0001 & ISSN – 2583-2344

Abstract

Air pollution is one of the most pressing environmental concerns that directly threaten the survival of human life and the ecological balance of the planet. It is a multifaceted issue caused by both anthropogenic and natural sources, including industrial emissions, vehicular exhaust, burning of fossil fuels, and deforestation. The increasing concentration of pollutants such as particulate matter (PM2.5, PM10), nitrogen dioxide (NO₂), sulfur dioxide (SO₂), and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) significantly degrade air quality and lead to severe health outcomes such as respiratory illnesses, cardiovascular diseases, and premature death. This paper explores the causes, consequences, and control measures of air pollution in the context of human sustainability, backed by legislative frameworks, global agreements, and scientific evidence. A sustainable approach to development, coupled with policy enforcement and public awareness, is vital for mitigating the effects of air pollution and safeguarding future generations.

THE ROLE OF INTERNATIONAL ARBITRATION IS RESOLVING INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY DISPUTES INVOLVING CRIMINAL ACTIVITIES

AUTHOR – CHIRAG SHARMA* & DR. PARISHKAR SHRESHTH**

* LL.M (CRIMINAL LAW) SCHOLAR AT AMITY LAW SCHOOL AMITY UNIVERSITY, UTTAR PRADESH LUCKNOW CAMPUS

** ASSISTANT PROFESSOR AT AMITY LAW SCHOOL AMITY UNIVERSITY, UTTAR PRADESH LUCKNOW CAMPUS

BEST CITATION -CHIRAG SHARMA & DR. PARISHKAR SHRESHTH, THE ROLE OF INTERNATIONAL ARBITRATION IS RESOLVING INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY DISPUTES INVOLVING CRIMINAL ACTIVITIES, INDIAN JOURNAL OF LEGAL REVIEW (IJLR), 5 (6) OF 2025, PG. 746-753, APIS – 3920 – 0001 & ISSN – 2583-2344

ABSTRACT

This research paper explores the intersection of international arbitration and intellectual property (IP) disputes arising out of or connected with criminal activities such as counterfeiting, piracy, and trade secret theft. With global commerce expanding rapidly, cross-border IP conflicts are increasingly common. However, traditional judicial mechanisms often fail to address these issues efficiently due to jurisdictional limitations and lengthy procedures. This paper evaluates how international arbitration can serve as an effective alternative mechanism for dispute resolution, and highlights the procedural challenges and legal controversies surrounding the arbitration of criminally tainted IP disputes.

Keywords:
International Arbitration, Intellectual Property, IP Disputes, Counterfeiting, Piracy, Trade Secret Theft, Criminal Activities, Dispute Resolution, Cross-border IP Conflicts, Arbitrability, WIPO, Enforcement of Arbitral Awards, Public Policy Exception, Jurisdictional Challenges.

A CASE STUDY OF SATYAM SCAM AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE ISSUES

AUTHOR – ANISHA MISHRA* & DR. RESHMA UMAIR**

* STUDENT AT AMITY LAW SCHOOL, LUCKNOW

** ASSISTANT PROFESSOR AT AMITY LAW SCHOOL, LUCKNOW

BEST CITATION -ANISHA MISHRA* & DR. RESHMA UMAIR, A STUDY ON ECONOMICS OF CORPORATE GOVERNANCE AND REGULATION, INDIAN JOURNAL OF LEGAL REVIEW (IJLR), 5 (6) OF 2025, PG. 738-745, APIS – 3920 – 0001 & ISSN – 2583-2344

ABSTRACT

Satyam Computers were once the crown jewel of Indian IT industry, but were brought to the ground by its founders in 2009 as a result of financial crime. The debacle of Satyam raised a debate about the role of CEO in driving a company to the heights of success and its relation with the board members and core committees. The scam brought to the light the role of corporate governance (CG) in shaping the protocols related to the working of audit committees and duties of board members. The Satyam scam was a jolt to the market, especially to Satyam stockholders. An attempt is made in this project to examine in-depth and analyze India‘s Enron, Satyam Computer’s creative-accounting scandal. In public companies, this type of creative accounting leading to fraud and investigations are launched by the various governmental oversight agencies. The accounting fraud committed by the founders of Satyam in 2009 is a testament to the fact that the science of conduct is swayed in large by human greed, ambition, and hunger for power, money, fame and glory. Scandals have proved that there is an urgent need for good conduct based on strong corporate governance, ethics and accounting & auditing standards. The Satyam scandal highlights the importance of securities laws and CG in emerging markets. Indeed, Satyam fraud spurred the government of India to tighten the CG norms to prevent recurrence of similar frauds in future. Thus, major financial reporting frauds need to be studied for lessons-learned and strategies-to-follow to reduce the incidents of such frauds in the future. The increasing rate of white-collar crimes demands stiff penalties, exemplary punishments, and effective enforcement of law with the right spirit.

A STUDY ON ECONOMICS OF CORPORATE GOVERNANCE AND REGULATION

AUTHOR – ABRARUL ATHIF P.Z, STUDENT AT SCHOOL OF EXCELLENCE IN LAW, THE TAMILNADU DR. AMBEDKAR LAW UNIVERSITY, CHENNAI 600 113.

BEST CITATION – ABRARUL ATHIF P.Z, A STUDY ON ECONOMICS OF CORPORATE GOVERNANCE AND REGULATION, INDIAN JOURNAL OF LEGAL REVIEW (IJLR), 5 (6) OF 2025, PG. 728-737, APIS – 3920 – 0001 & ISSN – 2583-2344

ABSTRACT

This study investigates the critical interplay between corporate governance and regulation, emphasizing their influence on financial performance and systemic stability. Effective corporate governance establishes accountability and transparency, promoting investor confidence and operational efficiency. In contrast, inadequate governance can precipitate financial scandals and economic instability. Through a thorough analysis, the research identifies that higher quality governance practices are positively correlated with improved financial performance, while attention to stakeholder interests mitigates systemic risks. The findings highlight the importance of robust regulatory frameworks that support governance standards, fostering a sustainable economic environment. By exploringS these dynamics, the study provides insights for businesses, policymakers, and stakeholders, advocating for governance practices that not only enhance financial outcomes but also promote broader economic stability.

Keywords: Corporate Governance, Financial Performance, Stakeholder Interests, Systemic Risks, Economic Stability, Risk Management.

EVOLUTION OF CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY

AUTHOR – SAKEE.N* & DR.S.MARUTHAVIJAN**

* STUDENT AT SCHOOL OF EXCELLENCE IN LAW, TAMILNADU DR. AMBEDKAR LAW UNIVERSITY. SAKEENAMBI2004@GMAIL.COM

** ASSISTANT PROFESSOR AT SCHOOL OF EXCELLENCE IN LAW, TAMILNADU DR. AMBEDKAR LAW UNIVERSITY

BEST CITATION – SAKEE.N & DR.S.MARUTHAVIJAN, EVOLUTION OF CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY, INDIAN JOURNAL OF LEGAL REVIEW (IJLR), 5 (6) OF 2025, PG. 632-640, APIS – 3920 – 0001 & ISSN – 2583-2344

Abstract

Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) has evolved from voluntary philanthropic activities to a strategic component of modern business operations. Over the decades, CSR has been influenced by changing societal expectations, globalization, regulatory frameworks, and the need for sustainable development. This paper traces the historical trajectory of CSR from ancient ethical concepts to its present-day institutionalized form. It explores key global and Indian developments, highlighting the shift from optional good deeds to mandated social investments. The study also examines the transformation of CSR into a tool for competitive advantage and long-term stakeholder engagement. Through a review of literature and policy developments, the paper offers a conceptual understanding of CSR’s evolution and the challenges that continue to shape its future.

Keywords:

Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR), Sustainability, Philanthropy, Stakeholder Theory, India, ESG, Business Ethics, Companies Act 2013

UNCOVERING THE ROLE OF EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE

AUTHOR- JANANI G* & DR.S. MARUTHAVIJAYAN**

* STUDENT AT SCHOOL OF EXCELLENCE IN LAW, CHENNAI, TAMIL NADU

** ASSISTANT PROFESSOR, SCHOOL OF EXCELLENCE IN LAW, CHENNAI, TAMIL NADU

BEST CITATION – JANANI G & DR.S. MARUTHAVIJAYAN, UNCOVERING THE ROLE OF EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE, INDIAN JOURNAL OF LEGAL REVIEW (IJLR), 5 (6) OF 2025, PG. 720-728, APIS – 3920 – 0001 & ISSN – 2583-2344

Abstract:

             This study is based on the topic emotional intelligence. Emotion is a full body, mind, soul response to a situation that is happening around you. The response to the stimulus or the environment by the people might be positive or negative. This is also an effort to create an awareness about such developing behaviours. We wanted to understand people’s thoughts and feelings about this topic. We found that many people believe emotional intelligence is important for success in life. They think it helps with relationships and handling emotions. Some people also think more research is needed to fully understand emotional intelligence. Overall, people have positive views about emotional intelligence research, seeing it as valuable for personal and professional growth.

Keywords :          people, emotions, research, react,understanding, relationships, beliefs, opinions, perspective.

WILDLIFE CONSERVATION AND PUBLIC INTEREST LITIGATION IN INDIA: A LEGAL TOOL FOR ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION

AUTHOR – CHANDRANI CHAKRABORTY, STUDENT AT DEPARTMENT OF LEGAL STUDIES, MOTHERHOOD UNIVERSITY, ROORKEE, UTTRAKHAND

BEST CITATION – CHANDRANI CHAKRABORTY, WILDLIFE CONSERVATION AND PUBLIC INTEREST LITIGATION IN INDIA: A LEGAL TOOL FOR ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION, INDIAN JOURNAL OF LEGAL REVIEW (IJLR), 5 (6) OF 2025, PG. 710-719, APIS – 3920 – 0001 & ISSN – 2583-2344

Abstract

India, one of the world’s most biodiverse countries, faces critical challenges in conserving its wildlife amidst rapid urbanization, habitat destruction, and human-animal conflicts. Despite the existence of a comprehensive statutory framework, implementation gaps and administrative apathy often hinder effective conservation. Public Interest Litigation (PIL), a unique facet of Indian constitutional jurisprudence, has emerged as a proactive legal mechanism for addressing environmental degradation and safeguarding wildlife. This paper examines the intersection of wildlife conservation and PIL in India, analyzing the statutory frameworks, judicial interventions, landmark cases, and the broader implications of using PIL as an instrument for ecological justice.

OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH IN INDIAN WORKPLACE: CHALLENGES, REFORMS, AND THE ROAD AHEAD

AUTHOR – MAHALAKSHMI. A, STUDENT AT DR. AMBEDKAR LAW UNIVERSITY

BEST CITATION – MAHALAKSHMI. A, OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH IN INDIAN WORKPLACE: CHALLENGES, REFORMS, AND THE ROAD AHEAD, INDIAN JOURNAL OF LEGAL REVIEW (IJLR), 5 (6) OF 2025, PG. 704-709, APIS – 3920 – 0001 & ISSN – 2583-2344

Abstract

Occupational health remains neglected in most developing countries due to competing social, economic, and political challenges. This has more to do with the fact that the demands are articulated by the less powerful i.e. the workers. Healthcare professionals not routinely obtaining occupational exposure history, long latency period of morbidities, lack of accurate data on toxic exposure, and conflicts of interest between the financial gains of the employer and the health of the worker are sum of the major challenges to reporting of occupational events. Improved surveillance systems, stricter implementations of legislations, large scale clinical and epidemiological research and better educational opportunities are the need of the hour. In India, rapid industrialization and economic growth have heightened the need for robust Occupational Safety and Health(OSH) mechanisms.

THE LEGAL AND ETHICAL IMPLICATIONS OF AI-DRIVEN DATA BREACHES: CHALLENGES IN ATTRIBUTION AND LIABILITY

AUTHOR – AKANSHA, IILM GREATER NOIDA

BEST CITATION – AKANSHA, THE LEGAL AND ETHICAL IMPLICATIONS OF AI-DRIVEN DATA BREACHES: CHALLENGES IN ATTRIBUTION AND LIABILITY, INDIAN JOURNAL OF LEGAL REVIEW (IJLR), 5 (6) OF 2025, PG. 689-703, APIS – 3920 – 0001 & ISSN – 2583-2344

ABSTRACT

As AI enters and modifies digital disruption, a major impact on cyber security is attributed to analytical capabilities in detecting and responding to threats. Nevertheless, this has caused an infantile upward trajectory in malicious actors using AI tools to induce autonomous attacks. Some pressing issues include AI-assisted data breaches with its major distinguishing feature: unauthorized access to sensitive information accomplished partially or fully by AI systems. With these acts come immense legal and ethical questions: particularly attributing moral and civil responsibility. These pre-established legal frameworks centre more on human intent and liability rather than the complications of autonomous self-learning systems.
Through this research paper, the authors investigate the multifarious challenges of AI-influenced data breaches. The paper navigates the nature of actionable data breaches, the use of AI tools for any slapstick kind of infiltration, exfiltration, or manipulation of data, and complexity and autonomy that make forensic examination very complicated. The laws in plethora of jurisdictions such as the European Union, the US, and India are evaluated, where significant gaps in AI-specific regulation are found. For example, GDPR and California Consumer Privacy Act (CCPA) are robust in respective domains. Still, they do not cover AI-enabled cyberattacks, particularly self-modifying algorithms or cloud-based AI tools working on third-party servers.
From the ethical plane, it would also throw into question moral responsibility while an autonomous data breach is being perpetrated. In a situation where an AI system, on its own, is responsible for a data breach, who then should take the blame? The developer, the deployer, the one making use of it, or the AI itself? Such issues challenge long-established principles of moral agency, intent, and fairness. Its further points to AI and the lack of transparency regarding it, which include the “black box” nature of such processes, resulting in ethical accountability being impeded and legal adjudication being deferred.
Attribution, the identification of the actor behind a breach, becomes notorious with AI. AI can cover up its digital train, traverse multiple jurisdictions, and attack without sustained human monitoring, greatly hampering international cooperation and legal enforcement. The nuance continues with liability: Do we want to regard liability as strict, negligence-based, or vicarious when AI itself becomes the agent of harm? The authors argue for adopting a model of liability that is hybrid, with regard to control, intent, and foreseeability operative of all stakeholders.
To tackle the above challenges, this paper supports a multi-pronged approach operating toward legislative reform, ethical design of AI, and international collaboration. Suggested solutions include framing laws on AI-specific liability, global protocols on attribution, and mandatory/voluntary collaboration involving international stakeholders.

CONSENT AND COERCION: THE LEGAL AND CULTURAL LANDSCAPE OF MARITAL RAPE IN INDIA

AUTHOR – ADISHREE BHATT, KES SHRI JAYANTILAL PATEL LAW COLLEGE, KANDIVALI WEST

BEST CITATION – ADISHREE BHATT, CONSENT AND COERCION: THE LEGAL AND CULTURAL LANDSCAPE OF MARITAL RAPE IN INDIA, INDIAN JOURNAL OF LEGAL REVIEW (IJLR), 5 (6) OF 2025, PG. 679-688, APIS – 3920 – 0001 & ISSN – 2583-2344

Abstract

This article analyses the legal and social aspects of marital rape in India, focusing on the inconsistencies in the laws that exclude husbands from prosecution. It discusses the implications of such legal frameworks on women’s autonomy over their bodies and human rights, calling for reform. Through a study of global viewpoints and court precedents, the paper urges criminalizing marital rape, codifying clear consent definitions, and increasing victim support systems. It finally demands a change in culture towards understanding consent as core to the very essence of society, striving to build a safer and more just society for women in India