THE GAP BETWEEN STATUTE AND SOCIETY: WHY DOWRY PERSISTS SIX DECADES EVEN AFTER ENACTMENT OF THE DOWRY PROHIBITION ACT, 1961

AUTHOR – PREETISH PANDEY* & DR. ARVIND KUMAR SINGH**

* STUDENT AT AMITY UNIVERSITY

** PROFESSOR AT AMITY UNIVERSITY

BEST CITATION – PREETISH PANDEY & DR. ARVIND KUMAR SINGH, THE GAP BETWEEN STATUTE AND SOCIETY: WHY DOWRY PERSISTS SIX DECADES EVEN AFTER ENACTMENT OF THE DOWRY PROHIBITION ACT, 1961 INDIAN JOURNAL OF LEGAL REVIEW (IJLR), 6 (4) OF 2026, PG. 75-81, APIS – 3920 – 0001 & ISSN – 2583-2344.

ABSTRACT

Dowry, an ancient practice that has been a social and economic factor, is still one of the harshest forms of oppression against women in India. The Dowry Prohibition Act of 1961, although a step towards the eradication of such practices, has not changed the situation seriously; it is either seen openly or it is practiced more secretly, but in both cases, women’s rights and dignity are violated. This paper investigates the history, development, and current situation of dowry in Indian society as well as the effectiveness and limitations of the legislation and the Dowry Prohibition Act. It further suggests the ways to reach a more just and equitable social order.

The research issue is to explore the causes for the continuance of the dowry system which is already pronounced illegal and socially disapproved after such a long time. The inquiry considers the cultural, economic, and psychological factors surrounding the dowry and examines the evolution of the dowry from a typical gift-giving ceremony to a complete exploitation. It further looks into the objectives of the Dowry Prohibition Act, the challenges concerning its implementation, and the broader socio-legal context in which it is situated. The paper will draw upon the law as a tool to demonstrate the gap between law and practice as well as the requirement for cultural change that is beyond legal measures in the dynamic social order of India.

The central research issue can be formulated as:

“How far the Dowry Prohibition Act of 1961has succeeded in curbing dowry issues and what are the social, cultural and institutional factors that are still preventing the Act from being fully implemented?”

The study concludes that even though legal restrictions are necessary, the total abolition of dowry practice still needs an integrated approach comprising legal changes, social awareness, gender sensitization, and community responsibility.

KEY WORDS: Dowry, Dowry Prohibition Act Of 1961, Society, Stridhan, Women, Section 304B IPC, Patriarchy, Gender Norms, Anti-Dowry Laws, Persistance Of Dowry

GAPS IN GENDER NEUTRAL LAWS: THE SIDE THAT GOES UNHEARD

AUTHOR – BHUMIKA KIRAN DUBEY, STUDENT AT KES’S SHRI JAYANTILAL H. PATEL LAW COLLEGE

BEST CITATION – BHUMIKA KIRAN DUBEY, GAPS IN GENDER NEUTRAL LAWS: THE SIDE THAT GOES UNHEARD, INDIAN JOURNAL OF LEGAL REVIEW (IJLR), 6 (4) OF 2026, PG. 68-74, APIS – 3920 – 0001 & ISSN – 2583-2344.

ABSTRACT

When we look at the evolution of legal systems across the world throughout the years we can see the reflection of a constant attempt towards achieving justice, equality as well as fairness. But, despite the constitutional guarantees that grant us equality, a significant gap is still visible in the implementation as well as formulation of gender- neutral laws. Historically, legal frameworks, especially in countries such as India, have been shaped by patriarchal structures that necessitated protective legislation for women. While such laws were essential and important to address the systematic oppression that has been faced by women, they have been failing to accommodate the realities of a diverse and evolving society and this side of the laws has been criticized.

This research paper is addressing a very important question and that is : To what extent do current legal frameworks fail to achieve gender neutrality, and how can we effectively address these gaps? It argues that while these laws were justified in the past and were important for the protection of women, there continued dominance has created legal blind spot which can be seen affecting men, as well as the LGBTQ+ community to an certain extent. The paper examines gaps in criminal laws, family laws as well as constitutional interpretation, it highlights the issues such as exclusion of male victims, lack of protection for LGBTQ+ community and misuse of laws that were established to protect a particular gender.

The paper suggests some changes that can be brought and concludes that saying that gender neutral reforms and laws must be achieved does not amount to saying that  laws related to protection for women should be undermined but it means that justice for all individuals should be brought and expanded.

KEY WORDS: Gender Neutrality, Legal system, Laws, LGBTQ+, Inclusivity, Equality, Constitution

DOMESTIC VIOLENCE IN INDIA: A SOCIO-LEGAL ANALYSIS

AUTHOR – SAKSHI YADAV* & MS. ASTHA SRIVASTAVA**

* STUDENT AT AMITY LAW SCHOOL LUCKNOW, AMITY UNIVERSITY UTTAR PRADESH LUCKNOW CAMPUS

** ASSISTANT PROFESSOR OF LAW AT AMITY LAW SCHOOL LUCKNOW, AMITY UNIVERSITY UTTAR PRADESH LUCKNOW CAMPUS

BEST CITATION – SAKSHI YADAV & MS. ASTHA SRIVASTAVA, DOMESTIC VIOLENCE IN INDIA: A SOCIO-LEGAL ANALYSIS, INDIAN JOURNAL OF LEGAL REVIEW (IJLR), 6 (4) OF 2026, PG. 62-67, APIS – 3920 – 0001 & ISSN – 2583-2344.

Abstract

Domestic violence remains one of the most serious violations of human rights in India. It refers to abusive behaviour within domestic relationships where one individual attempts to dominate or control another through physical, emotional, psychological, sexual, or economic means. Despite various legal measures designed to protect victims, domestic violence continues to be a widespread problem affecting individuals across different social and economic backgrounds. The enactment of the Protection of Women from Domestic Violence Act, 2005 marked an important milestone in India’s legal efforts to combat domestic abuse and provide remedies to victims.

This research paper examines domestic violence from a socio-legal perspective. It analyses the concept and causes of domestic violence, the legal framework governing domestic violence in India, and the challenges associated with the implementation of these laws. The study also examines the role of courts, police authorities, protection officers, and social organisations in providing support to victims.

The research concludes that although India has established a comprehensive legal framework to address domestic violence, social stigma, lack of awareness, and institutional challenges continue to hinder effective implementation of these laws. Addressing domestic violence requires not only legal reforms but also social awareness, gender equality, and stronger institutional support systems.

ROLE OF NCLT IN CORPORATE DISPUTE RESOLUTION

AUTHOR – PRITI PAL* & DR. JYOTI YADAV**

* STUDENT AT AMITY UNIVERSITY

** PROFESSOR AT AMITY UNIVERSITY

BEST CITATION – PRITI PAL & DR. JYOTI YADAV, ROLE OF NCLT IN CORPORATE DISPUTE RESOLUTION, INDIAN JOURNAL OF LEGAL REVIEW (IJLR), 6 (4) OF 2026, PG. 54-61, APIS – 3920 – 0001 & ISSN – 2583-2344. DOI – https://doi.org/10.65393/IJLRV6I48

Abstract

The establishment of the National Company Law Tribunal (NCLT) under the Companies Act, 2013 represents a significant reform in India’s corporate dispute resolution mechanism. Designed as a specialized quasi-judicial body, NCLT consolidates the jurisdiction of various pre-existing forums to provide a unified, efficient, and time-bound platform for adjudication of corporate matters. This paper examines the role of NCLT in resolving key corporate disputes, including insolvency proceedings under the Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code, 2016, cases of oppression and mismanagement, mergers and amalgamations, and winding-up processes.

The study critically evaluates the effectiveness of NCLT in ensuring speedy justice, strengthening corporate governance, and improving investor confidence in the Indian corporate sector. While the tribunal has significantly reduced procedural delays and multiplicity of litigation, it continues to face challenges such as increasing case backlog, infrastructural limitations, and procedural complexities. Through doctrinal analysis, this paper highlights both the achievements and limitations of NCLT and suggests reforms to enhance its efficiency and institutional capacity.

The research concludes that although NCLT has transformed the corporate dispute resolution landscape in India, continuous structural and procedural improvements are essential to fully realize its objective of delivering swift and effective justice

DEVELOPMENT OF CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY (CSR) IN INDIA

AUTHOR – APRAJITA RIZVI* & DR. JYOTI YADAV**

* STUDENT AT AMITY UNIVERSITY

** PROFESSOR AT AMITY UNIVERSITY

BEST CITATION – APRAJITA RIZVI  & DR. JYOTI YADAV, DEVELOPMENT OF CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY (CSR) IN INDIA, INDIAN JOURNAL OF LEGAL REVIEW (IJLR), 6 (4) OF 2026, PG. 46-53, APIS – 3920 – 0001 & ISSN – 2583-2344. DOI – https://doi.org/10.65393/IJLRV6I47

Abstract

Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) in India has undergone a significant transformation from a voluntary, philanthropy-driven practice to a structured and legally mandated framework under the Companies Act, 2013. This research paper explores the historical evolution of CSR in India, tracing its roots from traditional charitable activities of business houses to its integration into modern corporate governance. It further examines the statutory provisions governing CSR, particularly Section 135 of the Companies Act, 2013, along with the CSR Rules, 2014, which establish compliance requirements, monitoring mechanisms, and reporting obligations for eligible companies.

The paper critically analyzes the implementation of CSR initiatives across various sectors such as education, healthcare, environmental sustainability, and rural development, highlighting their contribution to socio-economic development. At the same time, it evaluates the practical challenges faced in execution, including issues of transparency, inadequate impact assessment, regional imbalances in fund allocation, and the tendency of corporations to treat CSR as a compliance requirement rather than a strategic responsibility.

Additionally, the study considers recent developments and amendments in CSR regulations, emphasizing enhanced accountability and the growing alignment of CSR activities with sustainable development goals (SDGs). Through a comprehensive analysis, the paper aims to assess the effectiveness of CSR as a tool for inclusive growth and suggests measures to strengthen its impact. It concludes that while India’s mandatory CSR regime is a progressive step, there is a need for a more impact-oriented, participatory, and transparent approach to fully realize its potential in achieving long-term sustainable development.

A CRITICAL ANALYSIS ON CLIMATE CHANGE AND ENVIRONMENTAL GOVERNANCE IN INDIA

AUTHOR – SOPHIA RANI.R & ANNA JOHN

* STUDENT AT SCHOOL OF LAW, VELS INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY AND ADVANCED STUDIES, PALLAVARAM, CHENNAI.

** ASSISTANT PROFESSOR AT SCHOOL OF LAW, VELS INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY AND ADVANCED STUDIES, PALLAVARAM, CHENNAI.

BEST CITATION – SOPHIA RANI.R & ANNA JOHN, A CRITICAL ANALYSIS ON CLIMATE CHANGE AND ENVIRONMENTAL GOVERNANCE IN INDIA, INDIAN JOURNAL OF LEGAL REVIEW (IJLR), 6 (4) OF 2026, PG. 40-45, APIS – 3920 – 0001 & ISSN – 2583-2344. DOI – https://doi.org/10.65393/IJLRV6I46

ABSTRACT

Climate change is one of the major environmental issues in the world . Climate change is one of the environmental problems recognized from the twenty first century. In India ,impact of climate change increasing temperature, irregular rain fall,  increasing extreme weather event,it affecting agriculture ,water supply ,public health and every day work.Climate change affecting the health of  the animal ,bird and human also.There are mainly two types of climate change manmade and natural.Manmade  occur due to human activities like industrial revolution ,human emission ,deforestation and agricultural ,natural occurs due to flood ,irregular monsoons ,droughts etc.  it affecting the agriculture ,water resource ,health and economy in India .

     Due to the climate change issues more debate was going on in India ,the Government also taking various steps to reduce climate change  then also it was affecting the country more .The climate change affecting not only the present it is affecting the future generation also. So the government should take proper measures to reduce climate change .Because India has a large population and dependence on other ways it affects the rural and low income communities. At the same time India plays a crucial role in global climate action. Understanding  climate change  in India  is essential to protecting the ecosystem ,supporting sustainable development and safeguarding the livelihoods of the people.

COMPARATIVE STUDY OF JUVENILE LAWS – COMMON LAW COUNTRY  JUVENILE JUSTICE BOARD (INDIA) VS. YOUTH JUSTICE BOARD ( UK)

AUTHOR – S. SUMANTH MADHUSUDAN, LLM (CRIMINAL LAW) ,AMITY INSTITUTE OF ADVANCED LEGAL STUDIES,AMITY UNIVERSITY,NOIDA, UTTAR PRADESH)

BEST CITATION – S. SUMANTH MADHUSUDAN, COMPARATIVE STUDY OF JUVENILE LAWS – COMMON LAW COUNTRY  JUVENILE JUSTICE BOARD (INDIA) VS. YOUTH JUSTICE BOARD ( UK), INDIAN JOURNAL OF LEGAL REVIEW (IJLR), 6 (4) OF 2026, PG. 33-39, APIS – 3920 – 0001 & ISSN – 2583-2344.

ABSTRACT

The research paper presents a comparative analysis of the Juvenile justice system in India and UK which focuses on the Juvenile justice board under the Juvenile justice (care and protection of children) act 2015 and the youth justice board(YJB). India and the UK are both countries rooted in common law traditions with aim to balance child welfare with accountability and transparency but their institutional frameworks differ significantly.This paper gives a  theoretical understanding of the juvenile justice board in India which is regulated by the Juvenile Justice (Care and Protection of Children) Act, 2015 and the JJB operates as a quasi judicial body emphasizing not only upon the rehabilitation but the social integration and child friendly procedures. It also handles cases of children in conflict with law, sharing the protection of children rights which are provided under Indian Constitution. But the UK’s YJB functions as a supervisory and it monitors the youth, just a system which co-ordinate with local agencies rather than adjudicating cases. Basically the study highlights the differences in the Legal procedure and the structure and implementation between both the countries as how India adopts a well oriented and reformative approach whereas the UK follows a more structured, risk based and   administrative model the people overall conclude that integrating welfare principle with efficient governance could is strengthen Juvenile justice outcomes.

Keywords: Juvenile Justice,Juvenile Justice Board, Youth JusticeBoard,Child Rights

MOB LYNCHING IN INDIA:  LEGAL FRAMEWORK,  JUDICIAL RESPONSE AND THE NEED FOR REFORM

AUTHOR – LALHRUAIZELI HRAHSEL, STUDENT AT AMITY UNIVERSITY,NOIDA, UTTAR PRADESH

BEST CITATION – LALHRUAIZELI HRAHSEL, MOB LYNCHING IN INDIA:  LEGAL FRAMEWORK,  JUDICIAL RESPONSE AND THE NEED FOR REFORM-INDIAN JOURNAL OF LEGAL REVIEW (IJLR), 6 (4) OF 2026, PG. 28-32, APIS – 3920 – 0001 & ISSN – 2583-2344.

ABSTRACT

Mob Lynching defined as the act of groups inflicting violence or punishment upon a person outside the authority of law has emerged as a serious challenge to the administrative machinery of India. Prior to the enactment of the Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023 such acts were prosecuted under several provisions of the Indian Penal Code. However, it did not contain a distinct provision specifically addressing mob lynching. This absence of a specific provision revealed a clear legal gap in addressing collective acts of mob violence. The Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023 introduces Section 103(2), which prescribes punishment of death or life imprisonment where murder is committed by a group of five or more persons acting in concert. The Supreme Court in Tehseen S. Poonawalla v. Union of India issued preventive, remedial and punitive guidelines to curb incidents of mob violence and lynching. Despite these legal developments incidents of mob violence continue to occur, raising questions about effectiveness of the current legal framework. This paper examines the historical background of mob lynching in India analyzes the existing statutory framework and judicial responses and evaluates the continuing legal and institutional gaps. It further explores the constitutional implications of mob lynching and argues for the need for a comprehensive anti-lynching law to effectively prevent and address such crimes.

Keywords: Mob Lynching, Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023, Criminal Liability, Vigilantism, Criminal Liability.

LIFTING OF CORPORATE VEIL IN INDIA: JUDICIAL TRENDS AND CONTEMPORARY CHALLENGES

AUTHOR – SAUMYA SINGH* & DR. RAJEEV KUMAR SINGH**

* STUDENT AT AMITY UNIVERSITY LUCKNOW CAMPUS

**ASSISTANT PROFESSOR OF LAW AT AMITY UNIVERSITY LUCKNOW CAMPUS

BEST CITATION – SAUMYA SINGH & DR. RAJEEV KUMAR SINGH, LIFTING OF CORPORATE VEIL IN INDIA: JUDICIAL TRENDS AND CONTEMPORARY CHALLENGES, INDIAN JOURNAL OF LEGAL REVIEW (IJLR), 6 (4) OF 2026, PG. 17-27, APIS – 3920 – 0001 & ISSN – 2583-2344. DOI- https://doi.org/10.65393/IJLRV6I43

INTRODUCTION

The theoretical framework of corporate personality and the corporate veil forms the intellectual cornerstone for comprehending the nuanced doctrine of lifting the corporate veil in India, where abstract juridical constructs intersect with practical imperatives of justice and economic order. At its heart, this framework grapples with the profound fiction that breathes life into inanimate associations, elevating a company from a mere contractual pact among individuals to a sovereign legal entity endowed with rights, duties, and perpetual existence, all while the corporate veil drapes a protective shroud over its human architects to encourage bold commercial forays without the spectre of personal ruin. In the Indian context, this duality—personality as empowerment and veil as insulation—has evolved through a synthesis of transplanted English common law, indigenous statutory innovations, and judicial pragmatism, setting the stage for veil-lifting as a corrective scalpel when the fiction frays into farce, particularly amid contemporary pressures from globalized frauds, regulatory evasions, and insolvency machinations that test the limits of limited liability.

Delving into this edifice, corporate personality emerges not as a static dogma but a dynamic philosophical construct, debated through rival lenses that probe whether the corporation embodies a real entity, a bundle of rights, or a symbolic concession of state power, each theory furnishing rationales for when and why courts might rend the veil to restore accountability. Fiction theory, pioneered by scholars like Savigny, posits the company as an artificial personage imputed by legislative grace, capable of acting only through human proxies, which underscores the veil’s fragility when those proxies abuse their delegated mantle, as Indian tribunals have repeatedly affirmed in rulings piercing facades erected for tax arbitrage or labour dodges. Concession theory amplifies this by framing incorporation as a sovereign bargain, revocable upon betrayal of public trust, a notion resonant in India’s post liberalization era where SEBI and RBI wield statutory teeth to unmask shell entities in money laundering webs or FEMA violations, reflecting how theoretical underpinnings justify judicial incursions without dismantling the broader edifice of separate existence.

DATA PROTECTION, ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND CYBER SECURITY IN INDIA: LEGAL CHALLENGES IN THE DIGITAL AGE

AUTHOR – RANJANA* & DR. RANA PARVEEN**

* RESEARCH SCHOLAR, SCHOOL OF LAW AND JURISPRUDENCE, SHRI VENKATESHWARA UNIVERSITY, GAJRAULA, AMROHA

**RESEARCH SUPERVISOR, SCHOOL OF LAW AND JURISPRUDENCE, SHRI VENKATESHWARA UNIVERSITY, GAJRAULA, AMROHA

BEST CITATION – RANJANA & DR. RANA PARVEEN, DATA PROTECTION, ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND CYBER SECURITY IN INDIA: LEGAL CHALLENGES IN THE DIGITAL AGE, INDIAN JOURNAL OF LEGAL REVIEW (IJLR), 6 (4) OF 2026, PG. 06-16, APIS – 3920 – 0001 & ISSN – 2583-2344.

Abstract

The rapid digitization of the Indian economy has transformed the socio-legal fabric of the nation, necessitating a sophisticated legal architecture to govern the triad of data protection, artificial intelligence, and cybersecurity. This report provides a comprehensive analysis of the Digital Personal Data Protection Act (DPDPA), 2023, and its intersection with the existing Information Technology (IT) Act, 2000, and emerging Artificial Intelligence (AI) regulations. It situates these legislative developments within the constitutional framework established by the landmark Justice K.S. Puttaswamy v. Union of India verdict, which elevated privacy to a fundamental right. The analysis critically evaluates the shift from a security-centric IT regime to a developmental, consent-based privacy framework, highlighting the friction between individual autonomy and state surveillance. Furthermore, the report explores the “responsibility gap” in AI liability, the procedural conflicts between cybersecurity reporting directives and privacy breach notifications, and the potential erosion of transparency through amendments to the Right to Information (RTI) Act. By synthesizing primary legal sources, global comparative paradigms, and philosophical insights from Indian Knowledge Systems alongside literary critiques of the surveillance state, this study offers a nuanced perspective on the challenges of preserving human dignity in an increasingly automated and data-driven republic.

Keywords: Digital Personal Data Protection Act (DPDPA) 2023; Artificial Intelligence Regulation; Cybersecurity; Right to Privacy; Justice K.S. Puttaswamy; Information Technology Act 2000; Data Protection Board of India; Algorithmic Bias; Surveillance State; Data Sovereignty