“AI AND HUMAN RIGHTS EMERGING ISSUES”
AUTHOR – RIDHIMA SINGH* & DR. JYOTSNA SINGH**
* LL.M. SCHOLAR AT AMITY UNIVERSITY LUCKNOW
** ASSISTANT PROFESSOR AMITY UNIVERSITY LUCKNOW
BEST CITATION – RIDHIMA SINGH & DR. JYOTSNA SINGH, “AI AND HUMAN RIGHTS EMERGING ISSUES”, INDIAN JOURNAL OF LEGAL REVIEW (IJLR), 5 (4) OF 2025, PG. 250-260, APIS – 3920 – 0001 & ISSN – 2583-2344.
ABSTRACT
The rapid development and adoption of Artificial Intelligence (AI) have brought about numerous benefits, transforming industries such as healthcare, education, security, and finance. However, this technological revolution also raises pressing human rights concerns that require immediate and thoughtful attention. Emerging issues in the intersection of AI and human rights include data privacy, algorithmic discrimination, surveillance, freedom of expression, and labor market disruptions. Addressing these challenges necessitates a robust governance framework that prioritizes human dignity and ethical AI deployment.
Data privacy is one of the most critical challenges posed by AI technologies. AI systems often rely on large datasets, which may lead to unauthorized data collection, profiling, and breaches of personal information. Ensuring user consent and establishing stringent data protection measures is essential to safeguard privacy rights. Moreover, algorithmic discrimination, which occurs when AI systems produce biased outcomes, can exacerbate societal inequalities, particularly in areas such as hiring, healthcare, and criminal justice. Mitigating these biases requires transparency in algorithm design and the inclusion of diverse datasets.
The rise of AI-powered surveillance technologies threatens the right to privacy and freedom of assembly. Governments and corporations are increasingly adopting facial recognition and predictive analytics for monitoring purposes, which may lead to unjustified surveillance and authoritarian practices. Regulatory mechanisms must be implemented to ensure AI applications respect civil liberties and promote democratic values. AI’s role in generating misinformation and deepfakes further jeopardizes the right to information and democratic discourse, calling for ethical AI use and media literacy initiatives.
Furthermore, AI’s impact on the job market presents significant human rights challenges. The automation of routine tasks may displace millions of workers, exacerbating social inequalities and economic instability. Governments and industries must collaborate to develop reskilling programs and social safety nets to protect affected workers’ rights. Ethical considerations are also paramount in AI-driven healthcare and decision-making processes, where transparency and accountability are essential to ensure informed consent and patient autonomy.
To address these emerging issues, a human-rights-centric approach to AI development is necessary. International collaboration, multi-stakeholder engagement, and the establishment of ethical AI guidelines can help ensure that technological advancements do not come at the cost of human rights. Policymakers must develop legal frameworks that promote the responsible and transparent use of AI, prioritizing the rights and freedoms of individuals.
In conclusion, while AI has the potential to revolutionize society, it also presents complex human rights challenges that must be proactively addressed. By fostering ethical AI development and creating inclusive regulatory frameworks, we can ensure that technological advancements align with human rights principles, fostering a more equitable and just future.
KEYWORDS – Artificial Intelligence, Human Rights, Algorithmic Discrimination, Privacy, Surveillance, Ethical AI