GLOBALISATION AND ENVIRONMENTAL ACCOUNTABILITY: IMPLEMENTING THE POLLUTER PAYS PRINCIPLE IN INDIA POST RIO DECLARATION
AUTHOR – S JAGATHRATCHAGAN, STUDENT AT O.P.JINDAL GLOBAL UNIVERSITY
BEST CITATION – S JAGATHRATCHAGAN, GLOBALISATION AND ENVIRONMENTAL ACCOUNTABILITY: IMPLEMENTING THE POLLUTER PAYS PRINCIPLE IN INDIA POST RIO DECLARATION, INDIAN JOURNAL OF LEGAL REVIEW (IJLR), 6 (1) OF 2026, PG. 370-375, APIS – 3920 – 0001 & ISSN – 2583-2344. DOI – https://doi.org/10.65393/CYUO3290
INTRODUCTION
Polluter Pays Principle (PPP) is a significant environmental and economic policy tool which mandates polluters to bear the cost of control of pollution, reducing pollution, and restoration of the environment[1]. In India, the PPP is enshrined in environmental law and further ratified through judicial precedents by courts of law. It encompasses the response of firms to cost of pollution, whether the same is passed on to consumers, and policies of the government utilizing PPP as a funding source of the environment[2]. The study also analyses enforcement issues like inefficiency of regulators, opposition from industry, and gaps in environmental taxation. The study attempts to explore the economic impact of the Polluter Pays Principle in India and overall economic sustainability. It was found that though PPP is seen as a catalyst for green technologies and control of pollution, there persists ongoing concerns of increased operating cost, lack of enforcement, and opposition from the industry. Younger, lesser educated, and urban respondents were more pessimistic regarding the application of PPP, while aged, educated, and rural respondents were more optimistic regarding the environmental benefits of PPP. Conclusion The PPP holds immense potential in reducing environmental degradation in India, and success lies only in addressing economic problems, increasing enforcement, and increasing awareness among the public.
[1] Anisia-Teodora Doniga, ‘The Polluter Pays Principle’ (2016) 2016 Law Annals from Titu Maiorescu University 79.
[2] Krati Singh Bhadouriya, ‘A Study on Environmental Liabilities: Polluter Pays Principle’ (2022) 4 Issue 4 Indian Journal of Law and Legal Research 1.