URANIUM AND FLUORIDE CONTAMINATION IN UP’S GROUNDWATER: HEALTH RISKS AND LEGAL INTERVENTIONS

AUTHORS – AABIL HUSAIN* & DR. MANEESH YADAV**

* PH.D. RESEARCH SCHOLAR, COLLEGE OF LAW & LEGAL STUDIES, TEERTHANKER MAHAVEER UNIVERSITY, MORADABAD, INDIA

** PROFESSOR, COLLEGE OF LAW & LEGAL STUDIES, TEERTHANKER MAHAVEER UNIVERSITY, MORADABAD, INDIA

BEST CITATION – AABIL HUSAIN & DR. MANEESH YADAV, URANIUM AND FLUORIDE CONTAMINATION IN UP’S GROUNDWATER: HEALTH RISKS AND LEGAL INTERVENTIONS, INDIAN JOURNAL OF LEGAL REVIEW (IJLR), 5 (11) OF 2025, PG. 655-664, APIS – 3920 – 0001 & ISSN – 2583-2344

Abstract

Groundwater contamination by means of geogenic elements like uranium and fluoride poses a extensive public health disaster in several districts of Uttar Pradesh (UP), India. This research paper investigates the extent and spatial distribution of uranium and fluoride contamination in UP’s groundwater, analyzes the related fitness dangers, and severely evaluates the efficacy of present prison and coverage interventions. utilizing secondary data from government reports, clinical research, and criminal files, this paper highlights the disproportionate impact on vulnerable populations and the long-time period fitness consequences, consisting of skeletal fluorosis, dental fluorosis, nephrotoxicity, and capacity carcinogenic results from uranium publicity. The evaluation of legal interventions focuses on the Uttar Pradesh Groundwater (control and law) Act, 2019, relevant environmental laws, and the role of judicial pronouncements, particularly by way of the national inexperienced Tribunal (NGT) and the high Courts, in addressing this infection. The paper examines the strengths and obstacles of these felony frameworks in ensuring access to safe drinking water and preserving polluters responsible. Moreover, it explores the demanding situations in implementing powerful mitigation strategies and the want for a greater incorporated and multi-stakeholder approach involving public health organizations, environmental regulators, and neighborhood communities. eventually, the paper proposes guidelines for strengthening legal and policy frameworks, improving tracking mechanisms, selling community participation, and ensuring the supply of sustainable and safe drinking water solutions to the affected areas of Uttar Pradesh.

Keywords: Uranium Contamination, Fluoride Contamination, Groundwater, Uttar Pradesh, Legal Interventions, Environmental Law