THE LEGAL FRAMEWORK FOR ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AN INTERNATIONAL AND NATIONAL PERSPECTIVE

AUTHOR – YUVARAJA .A, RESEARCH SCHOLAR, BHARATH INSTITUTE OF LAW, BHARATH INSTITUTE OF HIGHER EDUCATION AND RESEARCH, SELAIYUR CHENNAI.

BEST CITATION – YUVARAJA .A, THE LEGAL FRAMEWORK FOR ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AN INTERNATIONAL AND NATIONAL PERSPECTIVE, INDIAN JOURNAL OF LEGAL REVIEW (IJLR), 5 (12) OF 2025, PG. 483-496, APIS – 3920 – 0001 & ISSN – 2583-2344

Abstract

India is one of the most bio-diverse countries in the world, it has one of the richest flora and fauna in the world boasting of varied geographical areas which stretch from the highest mountain peaks in the North to the tropical forests in the central and the southern part of the country, from rare aquatic species to the Asiatic lions. Some of the most exotic and exclusive plant and animal species are found in India and it has been a matter of concern that this invaluable biodiversity may be severely stressed unless a proper mechanism is put into practice for their preservation. It accounts for 7- 8% of all recorded species, including over 45,000 species of plants and 91,000 species of animals. The country’s diverse physical features and climatic conditions have resulted in a variety of ecosystems such as forests, wetlands, grasslands, dessert, coastal and marine ecosystems which harbour and sustain high biodiversity and contribute to human well-being. Out of the 34 globally identified biodiversity hotspots, four of them exist in India i.e., the Himalayas, the Western Ghats, the North- East, and the Nicobar Islands. In this article we are going  to discuss the international treaties, conventions, principles etc., which  have been broadly agreed to by the international community for combating environmental degradation, it also deals with the juridical basis and the legislative enactments of the municipal law of India related to environmental protection. An effort is made to briefly understand the major provisions related to environmental conservation in India and on an International sphere to understand the influence on Indian law.

Keywords: Environmental Protection, International legal Framework, Indian legal framework, Environmental Authorities, Environmental Protection Regulatory framework, etc.