CRIMINAL JUSTICE REFORM: A CRIMINOLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF CHALLENGES AND SOLUTIONS
AUTHORS – DR. S. JAMES*&PROF. (DR.) HARIKUMAR PRALLATHADKA**, POST-DOCTORAL FELLOW IN LAW*& VICE CHANCELLOR** AT MANIPUR INTERNATIONAL UNIVERSITY, IMPHAL, MANIPUR, INDIA
* EMAIL: DRJAMES835@GMAIL.COM
** EMAIL: HARIKUMAR@MIU.EDU.IN
BEST CITATION – DR. S. JAMES*&PROF. (DR.) HARIKUMAR PRALLATHADKA, CRIMINAL JUSTICE REFORM: A CRIMINOLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF CHALLENGES AND SOLUTIONS, INDIAN JOURNAL OF LEGAL REVIEW (IJLR), 5 (1) OF 2025, PG. 374-383, APIS – 3920 – 0001 & ISSN – 2583-2344.
Abstract
The complexity of the criminal justice system necessitates a comprehensive analysis of its current reform efforts. This paper delves into the multifaceted challenges confronting criminal justice reform, encompassing systemic biases, over-incarceration, and the disproportionate impact on marginalized communities. Utilizing a criminological framework, the analysis identifies the root causes of these issues, including socio-economic disparities, institutional practices, and societal attitudes towards crime and punishment. It has explored various reform initiatives, such as restorative justice practices, decriminalization efforts, and the introduction of rehabilitation programs, assessing their effectiveness and applicability within different contexts. Furthermore, the paper highlights the importance of interdisciplinary collaboration among policymakers, criminologists, and community stakeholders in devising sustainable solution. 1
This abstract presents a comprehensive criminological analysis of the ongoing challenges and potential solutions associated with criminal justice reform. The current landscape of the criminal justice system is marked by significant issues, including systemic inequalities, racial and socio-economic disparities, and the high prevalence of recidivism. This analysis begins by examining the historical context of criminal justice policies that have perpetuated these challenges, such as the “War on Drugs,” mandatory minimum sentences, and three-strikes laws, which have led to over-incarceration and strained community relations. Furthermore, the paper addresses the psychological and social consequences of incarceration on individuals and communities, highlighting how these effects can contribute to cycles of crime and poverty. The role of public perception and media portrayal of crime is also considered, as these narratives often shape policy decisions and community responses to crime and justice.
Keywords: Criminal, Criminology, Inequality, Racial Disparities, Mental Health Treatment.