Category: Volume 4 and Issue 3 of 2024

SOURCES OF THE INTERNATIONAL LAW OF THE SEA

AUTHOR – ANTONY MERCY. F, LLM STUDENT AT THE TAMIL NADU DR. AMBEDKAR LAW UNIVERSITY, CHENNAI

BEST CITATION – ANTONY MERCY. F, SOURCES OF THE INTERNATIONAL LAW OF THE SEA, INDIAN JOURNAL OF LEGAL REVIEW (IJLR), 4 (3) OF 2024, PG. 20-34, APIS – 3920 – 0001 & ISSN – 2583-2344.

1.Abstract

“Sea” denotes to vast body of waters consisting of numerous uncontrolled natural resources. So, to regulate the administration and functioning of this gigantic body of waters and all those which dwells on this body of waters, a branch of public international law has been emerged. The primary function of the international law involves the spatial distribution of the jurisdiction of the states. This essay is mainly focus on the Sources of Law of sea. The law of the sea is a body of customs, treaties, and international agreements by which governments maintain order, productivity, and peaceful relations on the sea. Further, this paper discusses about the international treaties and agreements and customary practices followed by the states.

Keywords: Sources – International – Law – Sea – Customs – Agreement – UNCLOS

TRANSPARENCY ACROSS BORDERS: A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF RTI LAWS IN INDIA AND PAKISTAN

AUTHOR – AGAM DIXIT, INDEPENDENT LEGAL RESEARCHER AND WRITER BASED IN AGRA, INDIA

BEST CITATION – AGAM DIXIT, TRANSPARENCY ACROSS BORDERS: A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF RTI LAWS IN INDIA AND PAKISTAN, INDIAN JOURNAL OF LEGAL REVIEW (IJLR), 4 (3) OF 2024, PG. 14-19, APIS – 3920 – 0001 & ISSN – 2583-2344.

ABSTRACT

This paper provides a detailed comparative analysis of the Right to Information (RTI) laws in India and Pakistan, two nations with a common heritage but varying approaches to democratic transparency. It assesses the historical evolution, legal frameworks, and the implementation challenges of RTI laws in both countries, exploring how they facilitate or impede public access to government-held information. The analysis utilizes international best practices, particularly those outlined by ARTICLE19, to evaluate the effectiveness of these laws in promoting governmental transparency and accountability. Key challenges such as bureaucratic resistance, political instability, and legal loopholes are discussed, highlighting their impact on the enforcement of RTI provisions. Recommendations are provided to enhance the robustness and effectiveness of RTI laws, aiming for an adherence to global standards of open government.

Keywords: Right to Information, transparency, governmental accountability, India, Pakistan, comparative law, bureaucratic resistance

CRIMINOLOGICAL THEORIES IN THE CONTEXT OF DEVELOPING COUNTRIES

AUTHOR – TANMAY JAIN, STUDENT AT BENNETT UNIVERSITY (TIMES OF INDIA GROUP)

BEST CITATION – TANMAY JAIN, CRIMINOLOGICAL THEORIES IN THE CONTEXT OF DEVELOPING COUNTRIES, INDIAN JOURNAL OF LEGAL REVIEW (IJLR), 4 (3) OF 2024, PG. 01-13, APIS – 3920 – 0001 & ISSN – 2583-2344.

Abstract

Criminological theories, predominantly developed in Western Contexts, often fail to fully capture the complexities of the crime patterns in the developing countries. This research paper undertakes a comparative study to analyse the applicability of key criminological theories such as strain theory, Social Disorganisation theory and Routine Activity Theory within socio-economic, cultural, and political landscapes of developing countries. By examining crime patterns in selected case studies from the Global South, this study identifies unique factors influencing criminal behaviour, including political instability, economic disparities, rapid urbanization, and diverse cultural norms. The findings reveal significant limitations in the current application of these theories, highlighting the need for their adaptation to account for context-specific realities. The paper argues for a more nuanced approach to criminological research that integrates local knowledge and addresses the distinctive challenges faced by developing countries. Based on the comparative analysis, the study provides policy recommendations for more effective, context-sensitive crime prevention and intervention strategies. The research contributes to the field by expanding the theoretical framework of criminology to be more inclusive and globally relevant, offering insights for future studies and practical applications in criminal justice policy-making.