CHILD LABOUR IN TELEVISION INDUSTRY IN INDIA

AUTHOR – SUBASH PANDITHURAI, STUDENT AT AMITY UNIVERSITY, NOIDA

BEST CITATION – SUBASH PANDITHURAI, CHILD LABOUR IN TELEVISION INDUSRTY IN INDIA, INDIAN JOURNAL OF LEGAL REVIEW (IJLR), 5 (10) OF 2025, PG. 750-757, APIS – 3920 – 0001 & ISSN – 2583-2344.

Historical Background

2.1 Origin of Child Participation in Media

Early Beginnings Globally

Children have been involved in media since the early 20th century, especially in theater and film. Children were frequently employed in silent film because of their worldwide appeal, which included their relatability to audiences from all ethnic backgrounds, emotional expressiveness, and innocence.

AN ANALYSIS OF LEGAL FRAMEWORK FOR THE PROTECTION OF THE RIGHTS OF SEX WORKERS IN INDIA

AUTHOR – AMRENDRA KUMAR, DEPARTMENT OF LEGAL STUDIES, JHARKHAND RAI UNIVERSITY, RANCHI

BEST CITATION – AMRENDRA KUMAR, AN ANALYSIS OF LEGAL FRAMEWORK FOR THE PROTECTION OF THE RIGHTS OF SEX WORKERS IN INDIA, INDIAN JOURNAL OF LEGAL REVIEW (IJLR), 5 (10) OF 2025, PG. 692-749, APIS – 3920 – 0001 & ISSN – 2583-2344.

CHAPTER 1: INRODUCTION

INTRODUCTION

“The measure of a civilization is how it treats its weakest members.” – Mahatma Gandhi

This profound statement by Mahatma Gandhi underscores the moral and ethical responsibility of a society to protect and uplift its most vulnerable populations. In the context of contemporary India, one such marginalized and often invisible group is sex workers. Despite their significant presence in the socio-economic fabric of the nation, sex workers remain among the most stigmatized, exploited, and legally unprotected communities. The legal framework governing sex work in India, primarily encapsulated in the Immoral Traffic (Prevention) Act, 1956 (ITPA), reflects a paradoxical approach: while it aims to curb trafficking and exploitation, it inadvertently criminalizes the very individuals it seeks to protect. This dissertation, titled “An Analysis of the Legal Framework for the Protection of the Rights of Sex Workers in India,” seeks to unravel this paradox and explore the ways in which the law can be reimagined to safeguard the dignity, rights, and well-being of sex workers.

“A CRITICAL ANALYSIS OF POCSO ACT: ENSURING PROTECTION AGAINST CHILD SEXUAL ABUSE IN INDIA”

AUTHOR – SHREYA DIXIT, AMITY LAW SCHOOL, NOIDA

BEST CITATION – SHREYA DIXIT, “A CRITICAL ANALYSIS OF POCSO ACT: ENSURING PROTECTION AGAINST CHILD SEXUAL ABUSE IN INDIA”, INDIAN JOURNAL OF LEGAL REVIEW (IJLR), 5 (10) OF 2025, PG. 684-691, APIS – 3920 – 0001 & ISSN – 2583-2344.

Abstract

The Protection of Children from Sexual Offenses (POCSO) Act, 2012, represents a pivotal milestone in India’s legislative framework for safeguarding children against sexual abuse and exploitation. This study critically analyses the Act’s legislative objective, its all-encompassing provisions, and the social-legal challenges in executing it. The POCSO Act mandates timely trials via Special Courts, ensures procedures that are sensitive to victims, and categorizes offenses to address a wide spectrum of child sexual abuse. The Act faces issues such as underreporting, delays in the judiciary, and minimal public knowledge, despite its solid framework. This report emphasizes opportunities for policy enhancement and modification by comparing the POCSO Act with international child protection standards. The Act can serve as a model for child protection in developing nations by addressing these deficiencies. To effectively combat child sexual abuse, the study emphasizes the need for an all-encompassing approach that combines administrative, sociological, and legal changes.

Keywords: POCSO Act, child sexual abuse, legal framework, judicial reforms, child protection, societal impact, mandatory reporting, victim-sensitive procedures.

A CRITICAL ANALYSIS OF CUSTODIAL VIOLENCE IN INDIA, WITH A SPECIAL EMPHASIS ON HUMAN RIGHTS

AUTHOR – HARI ABISHEK P* & MS. SHILPA MEHROTRA**

* STUDENT AT AMITY LAW SCHOOL, NOIDA

** ASSISTANT PROFESSOR –III, AMITY LAW SCHOOL, AMITY UNIVERSITY, NOIDA

BEST CITATION – HARI ABISHEK P & MS. SHILPA MEHROTRA, A CRITICAL ANALYSIS OF CUSTODIAL VIOLENCE IN INDIA, WITH A SPECIAL EMPHASIS ON HUMAN RIGHTS, INDIAN JOURNAL OF LEGAL REVIEW (IJLR), 5 (10) OF 2025, PG. 677-683, APIS – 3920 – 0001 & ISSN – 2583-2344.

CHAPTER 1

CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK & LEGAL PROVISIONS

Custodial violence strikes at the very heart of democracy, violating the fundamental human rights guaranteed by the Constitution of India and various international covenants. A comprehensive legal framework exists to prevent and address custodial violence, although the effectiveness of these legal instruments largely depends on their implementation. Analyzing this legal framework provides insights into the strengths, gaps, and challenges that characterize India’s efforts to combat custodial torture and deaths. At the apex of the legal structure lies the Constitution of India, which enshrines the principles of liberty, equality, and dignity. Article 21, often referred to as the “heart of the Constitution,” guarantees the right to life and personal liberty. The judiciary has interpreted this provision to include protection from torture and inhuman treatment, even during lawful detention. Further reinforcing this protection, Article 20(3) safeguards individuals against self-incrimination, thereby addressing the use of coercion and torture during custodial interrogation. Article 22 provides specific protections to arrested persons, including the right to be informed of the grounds of arrest, the right to consult a legal practitioner, and the requirement that an arrested person be produced before a magistrate within twenty-four hours. These constitutional guarantees lay the foundation for the legal response to custodial violence⁴.

MEDIATION AS AN EFFECTIVE MECHANISM FOR RESOLVING REAL ESTATE DISPUTES IN INDIA

AUTHOR – DAKSH GUPTA, STUDENT AT AMITY LAW SCHOOL, NOIDA

BEST CITATION – DAKSH GUPTA, MEDIATION AS AN EFFECTIVE MECHANISM FOR RESOLVING REAL ESTATE DISPUTES IN INDIA, INDIAN JOURNAL OF LEGAL REVIEW (IJLR), 5 (10) OF 2025, PG. 668-676, APIS – 3920 – 0001 & ISSN – 2583-2344.

ABSTRACT

India’s real estate sector, contributing 7% to GDP, faces frequent disputes over delayed possession, contractual breaches, and lease terms, exacerbated by a judicial backlog of 4.5 crore cases in 2025 (Narayan, 2020; NJDG, 2025). This paper evaluates mediation’s effectiveness as an Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR) mechanism for resolving such disputes, emphasizing its speed, cost-efficiency, confidentiality, and ability to preserve stakeholder relationships. Using a doctrinal approach, it analyses legal frameworks like RERA, 2016, the Arbitration and Conciliation Act, 1996^[1], and CPC^[2] Section 89, alongside case studies from MahaRERA (500+ resolutions in 2023), UP RERA, and Delhi High Court mediation (MahaRERA^[3], 2023; UP RERA, 2024). Despite mediation’s success, challenges like low awareness, mediator shortages, and non-binding outcomes limit its adoption (Kumar, 2018). Recommendations include mandatory ADR clauses, enhanced mediator training, Online Dispute Resolution (ODR) platforms, and public awareness campaigns, drawing on Singapore’s model (Singapore Mediation Act, 2017^[4]). By reducing litigation and fostering amicable resolutions, mediation strengthens India’s real estate sector. This study advocates for reforms to integrate mediation into standard practices, contributing to judicial efficiency and sectoral resilience.

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[1] Arbitration and Conciliation Act, 1996

[2] Code of Civil Procedure, 1908 (Section 89)

[3] Maharashtra Real Estate Regulatory Authority (MahaRERA 2017)

[4] Singapore Mediation Act, 2017

“COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF ARBITRATION LAWS : SUBSTANTIVE & PROCEDURAL PERSPECTIVES”

AUTHOR – MUTHU MAYAN R, AMITY LAW SCHOOL, AMITY UNIVERSITY, NOIDA

BEST CITATION – MUTHU MAYAN R, “COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF ARBITRATION LAWS : SUBSTANTIVE & PROCEDURAL PERSPECTIVES”, INDIAN JOURNAL OF LEGAL REVIEW (IJLR), 5 (10) OF 2025, PG. 660-667, APIS – 3920 – 0001 & ISSN – 2583-2344.

CHAPTER 3 : COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF ARBITRATION LAWS

Arbitration is a widely used mechanism for resolving disputes, particularly in international trade and commerce. As businesses and individuals engage in cross-border transactions, the need for a neutral and efficient system for resolving conflicts becomes paramount. Arbitration offers several advantages over traditional litigation, including flexibility, confidentiality, and a speedier resolution process. However, the success of arbitration is often influenced by the legal framework within which it operates. Different countries have varying arbitration laws that can significantly impact the arbitration process, affecting everything from the appointment of arbitrators to the enforcement of awards. This comparative analysis aims to examine the differences in arbitration laws across various jurisdictions, highlighting both substantive and procedural variations and their implications for international dispute resolution.

“EVALUATING THE IMPACT OF THE JUVENILE JUSTICE (CARE AND PROTECTION OF CHILDREN) ACT, 2015 ON REHABILITATION AND RECIDIVISM IN INDIA”

AUTHOR – ARYA AGRAWAL & KHUSHI JHA

STUDENTS AT CHRIST DEEMED TO BE UNIVERSITY PUNE, LAVASA

BEST CITATION – ARYA AGRAWAL & KHUSHI JHA, “EVALUATING THE IMPACT OF THE JUVENILE JUSTICE (CARE AND PROTECTION OF CHILDREN) ACT, 2015 ON REHABILITATION AND RECIDIVISM IN INDIA”, INDIAN JOURNAL OF LEGAL REVIEW (IJLR), 5 (10) OF 2025, PG. 654-659, APIS – 3920 – 0001 & ISSN – 2583-2344.

ABSTRACT

The juvenile’s delinquents are so many, and their numbers keep swelling in India, posing a real threat to society and an equally real threat to its legal structure. Defined as illegal acts or antisocial acts committed by juveniles, juvenile delinquency is caused by many complex social, cultural, biological, and psychological factors. The article aims at a critical examination of juvenile delinquency and how it is dealt with under the Juvenile Justice System in India. It illustrates the major factors influencing the delinquent behavior of minors and investigates the response of the system after such cases as the Nirbhaya gang rape, which ushered legislative changes.

Behind this analysis are the two basic tenets of the juvenile justice system of India: punishment and rehabilitation. This research explores whether the system favors punitive approaches over rehabilitative measures, stressing that both should be given equal importance in the dispensation of juvenile justice to both deter the juveniles from crime and allow their smooth reintegration into society. Identifying lacunae within the juvenile justice system, some relevant recommendations are made in the paper to strengthen the mechanism so that it conforms both to legal conceptions of accountability and psychological concepts of child welfare.

Keywords: Juvenile delinquency, Juvenile Justice System, India, Nirbhaya case, Punishment, Rehabilitation, Sociocultural factors, Legal reforms.

WOMENS PSYCHO-SOCIAL EFFECTS OF DIVORCE AND SEPARATION

AUTHOR – PAULIN DORA.O, ADVOCATE & TAMIL NADU DR. AMBEDKAR LAW UNIVERSITY

BEST CITATION – PAULIN DORA.O, WOMENS PSYCHO-SOCIAL EFFECTS OF DIVORCE AND SEPARATION, INDIAN JOURNAL OF LEGAL REVIEW (IJLR), 5 (10) OF 2025, PG. 648-653, APIS – 3920 – 0001 & ISSN – 2583-2344.

ABSTRACT:

Divorce and separation have complex psychological and sociological effects on individuals, families, and society. This paper explores the immediate and long-term consequences of marital dissolution, drawing from legal, psychological, and sociological perspectives. Divorce and separation can cause emotional responses such as grief, anger, anxiety, and depression. These reactions can affect individuals’ self-esteem, relationships, and mental well-being. Children of divorced parents may face developmental challenges, including academic setbacks and psychological distress. Divorce and separation can cause financial strain and legal battles, leading to social isolation and identity crises. The legal frameworks that govern divorce and separation are crucial in shaping the emotional landscape of these experiences. Traditional divorce proceedings were prolonging emotional distress because of their adversarial nature. Therefore, it’s important to have alternative dispute resolution mechanisms, such as mediation and collaborative law, to encourage peaceful resolutions and minimize negative outcomes. Furthermore, legal policies and interventions that prioritize the well-being of children and vulnerable individuals are necessary to reduce the negative emotional and psychological effects of marital breakdown. This paper aims to shed light on the intricate interplay of psychological, social stigma, and legal factors involved in navigating the aftermath of a failed marriage.

REPRESENTATION OF WOMEN IN THE INDIAN LEGAL SYSTEM: A HISTORICAL AND CONTEMPORARY ANALYSIS

AUTHOR – KHUSHI CHAUHAN & PRABAL PRATAP RAJAWAT

STUDENTS AT AMITY LAW SCHOOL GWALIOR, SYMBIOSIS LAW SCHOOL PUNE

BEST CITATION – KHUSHI CHAUHAN & PRABAL PRATAP RAJAWAT, REPRESENTATION OF WOMEN IN THE INDIAN LEGAL SYSTEM: A HISTORICAL AND CONTEMPORARY ANALYSIS, INDIAN JOURNAL OF LEGAL REVIEW (IJLR), 5 (10) OF 2025, PG. 645-648, APIS – 3920 – 0001 & ISSN – 2583-2344.

Abstract

India’s legal system has undergone considerable transformation, gradually incorporating women into key roles within the profession. Despite longstanding barriers, women have successfully established themselves as prominent lawyers, judges, and legal scholars. This paper traces the historical journey of women in the Indian legal field, from the colonial period to the modern era. It examines the challenges women have faced in entering and advancing within the profession and highlights their vital contributions to the evolution of Indian law. Once a male-dominated sphere, the legal profession in India began opening up to women following persistent legal efforts. A significant milestone came with the enactment of the Legal Practitioner’s (Women) Act in 1923, which formally allowed women to practice law. However, acceptance was slow, as seen in cases like that of Regina Guha, where outdated perceptions questioned women’s legal standing.

In the 21st century, globalization and modern educational reforms have broadened access to legal education for women in India. Still, gender imbalance continues, particularly within the judiciary. The paper follows the progress from the appointment of Justice Anna Chandy, India’s first female judge in 1937, to present-day challenges, highlighting the continued underrepresentation of women on the bench. Trailblazers such as Leila Seth and Fathima Beevi broke significant ground by becoming Chief Justices, but overall female representation remains limited.

The study emphasizes the urgent need for measures to promote gender parity in the legal field, including the recommendation of a 33% quota for women in the judiciary. By providing an in-depth look at both historical and present-day issues, this research adds to the ongoing conversation about gender equity in India’s legal system.

Keywords: Women in Law, Indian Legal System, Gender Representation, Legal Profession, Historical Analysis, Legal Challenges, Legal Practitioner’s (Women) Act, Judiciary, Gender Equality, Contemporary Issues

PATENT PROTECTION FOR BIOTECHNOLOGICAL INNOVATION: BALANCING INNOVATION AND ACCESS TO PUBLIC HEALTH

AUTHOR – AASTHA CHAUHAN, AMITY LAW SCHOOL, AMITY UNIVERSITY UTTAR PRADESH

BEST CITATION – AASTHA CHAUHAN, PATENT PROTECTION FOR BIOTECHNOLOGICAL INNOVATION: BALANCING INNOVATION AND ACCESS TO PUBLIC HEALTH, INDIAN JOURNAL OF LEGAL REVIEW (IJLR), 5 (10) OF 2025, PG. 636-644, APIS – 3920 – 0001 & ISSN – 2583-2344.

CHAPTER I: INTRODUCTION

1.1 Background of the Study

Biotechnology has revolutionized modern healthcare by enabling the development of advanced medical technologies, including genetically engineered vaccines, targeted drug therapies, and diagnostic tools. This sector holds immense promise for addressing global health challenges, such as communicable and non-communicable diseases, genetic disorders, and pandemics. Breakthroughs in genetic engineering, molecular biology, and bioinformatics have allowed for personalized medicine and regenerative therapies, positioning biotechnology as a cornerstone of 21st-century healthcare systems.