SPECIALIZED JUSTICE: THE ROLE OF DEBT RECOVERY TRIBUNALS AND MULTI-REGIME COORDINATION IN INDIA’S CREDIT RECOVERY FRAMEWORK

AUTHOR – ARJUN AGNIHOTRI, STUDENT AT AMITY UNIVERSITY

BEST CITATION – ARJUN AGNIHOTRI, SPECIALIZED JUSTICE: THE ROLE OF DEBT RECOVERY TRIBUNALS AND MULTI-REGIME COORDINATION IN INDIA’S CREDIT RECOVERY FRAMEWORK, INDIAN JOURNAL OF LEGAL REVIEW (IJLR), 6 (8) OF 2026, PG. 471-480, APIS – 3920 – 0001 & ISSN – 2583-2344. DOI – https://doi.org/10.65393/IJLRV6I847

Abstract

The debt recovery legal system in India has experienced major changes during the last 30 years. The system now uses multiple financial default resolution methods to handle debt recovery cases which require more complex solutions than civil courts could provide. The paper analyzes the system architecture through three legal mechanisms which operate together with the Debt Recovery Tribunals (DRTs) established by the Recovery of Debts Due to Banks and Financial Institutions Act of 1993 and the Securitization and Reconstruction of Financial Assets and Enforcement of Security Interest Act of 2002 and the Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code of 2016. The paper traces the origins and rationale of the DRT system, analysing how dedicated tribunals for banking disputes emerged because specialised financial courts resolved cases more quickly and accurately than traditional courts.

The DRT model establishes its jurisdictional framework while defining its operational processes. The DRT model creates its jurisdictional framework which establishes its operational processes but its performance was affected by institutional problems which included bench vacancies and infrastructural deficiencies and appellate delays. The paper examines how the three regimes function together with their operational relationships during actual recovery processes. The DRTs enable judicial review of secured interests which SARFAESI directly enforces and the IBC provides a unified process which handles all insolvency cases.

The distinct purposes of each regime create operational difficulties through their shared jurisdictional areas because creditors and borrowers face challenges which include choosing their court and deciding between different methods of obtaining solutions. The institutional framework needs enhancements while active inter-regime coordination should be implemented to achieve the complete operational potential of India’s debt recovery system. Legal innovation needs digital modernization together with consistent tribunal staffing and appellate streamlining to create recovery results which provide equitable outcomes for all parties.

GIFT OF LIFE, RULE OF LAW – HUMAN ORGAN AND TISSUE TRANSPLANTATION IN INDIA: A COMPREHENSIVE ANALYSIS OF LAWS, REGULATIONS, AND POLICY FRAMEWORK

AUTHOR –JISHA JS* & DR. CH. VENKATESWARLU**

* STUDENT AT VELS INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY & ADVANCED STUDIES (VISTAS)

** ASSISTANT PROFESSOR AT SCHOOL OF LAW, VELS INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY AND ADVANCED STUDIES (VISTAS)

BEST CITATION – JISHA JS & DR. CH. VENKATESWARLU, GIFT OF LIFE, RULE OF LAW – HUMAN ORGAN AND TISSUE TRANSPLANTATION IN INDIA: A COMPREHENSIVE ANALYSIS OF LAWS, REGULATIONS, AND POLICY FRAMEWORK, INDIAN JOURNAL OF LEGAL REVIEW (IJLR), 6 (8) OF 2026, PG. 463-470, APIS – 3920 – 0001 & ISSN – 2583-2344.

ABSTRACT

Organ and tissue transplantation represents one of the most significant achievements in modern medicine, offering renewed life to patients suffering from end-stage organ failure. In India, this field is governed by a robust legislative architecture anchored in the Transplantation of Human Organs and Tissues Act, 1994, as amended in 2011, and its accompanying Rules of 2014. This article provides a thorough examination of the statutory provisions, institutional mechanisms, ethical considerations, and enforcement challenges that shape the transplantation landscape in India. It further discusses the roles of key regulatory bodies, the legal framework surrounding brain death certification, living and deceased donor protocols, anti-commercialisation measures, and emerging policy directions aimed at bridging the wide gap between organ demand and supply in the country.

JUVENILE JUSTICE IN INDIA: BALANCING REHABILITATION AND PUNISHMENT UNDER THE JUVENILE JUSTICE (CARE AND PROTECTION OF CHILDREN) ACT, 2015

AUTHOR – JOSHUA SD* & JISHA JS**

* STUDENT AT VELS INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY & ADVANCED STUDIES (VISTAS)

** ASSISTANT PROFESSOR AT SCHOOL OF LAW, VELS INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY AND ADVANCED STUDIES (VISTAS)

BEST CITATION – JOSHUA SD & JISHA JS, JUVENILE JUSTICE IN INDIA: BALANCING REHABILITATION AND PUNISHMENT UNDER THE JUVENILE JUSTICE (CARE AND PROTECTION OF CHILDREN) ACT, 2015, INDIAN JOURNAL OF LEGAL REVIEW (IJLR), 6 (8) OF 2026, PG. 454-462, APIS – 3920 – 0001 & ISSN – 2583-2344.

ABSTRACT

India’s juvenile justice system stands at a constitutional and sociological crossroads. The Juvenile Justice (Care and Protection of Children) Act, 2015 ^[1] seeks to rehabilitate children who come into conflict with the law while simultaneously responding to growing public concern over serious offences committed by juveniles aged 16 to 18. This article undertakes a doctrinal and socio-legal analysis of the tension between two foundational principles — rehabilitative justice and punitive accountability — within India’s juvenile justice framework. Drawing on constitutional provisions, landmark judgments including Sheela Barse v. Union of India, Pratap Singh v. State of Jharkhand, and Mukesh v. State (NCT of Delhi), NCRB data,^[2] and comparative international standards, the article critically evaluates the provisions for preliminary assessment and adult-trial transfer introduced by the 2015 Act. It identifies five structural challenges — inadequate institutional infrastructure, inconsistent implementation, the indeterminate nature of maturity assessment, victim justice deficit, and post-release recidivism — and proposes a balanced reform framework centred on restorative justice, neurodevelopmentally informed assessment, and robust aftercare.

Keywords: juvenile justice, rehabilitation, punishment, JJ Act 2015, doli incapax, preliminary assessment, restorative justice, juvenile delinquency, India

---

[1]Juvenile Justice (Care and Protection of Children) Act 2015 (India), Preamble.

[2]National Crime Records Bureau, ‘Crime in India 2022’ (NCRB 2023) Table 10A (reflecting 31,170 cases registered against juveniles in 2022).

WORKPLACE DIGNITY AND SEXUAL HARASSMENT LAWS: A CRITICAL ANALYSIS OF LEGAL AND PRACTICAL CHALLENGES

AUTHOR – SIMRAN JAISWAL, STUDENT AT AMITY LAW SCHOOL, AMITY UNIVERSITY NOIDA UTTAR PRADESH

BEST CITATION – SIMRAN JAISWAL, WORKPLACE DIGNITY AND SEXUAL HARASSMENT LAWS: A CRITICAL ANALYSIS OF LEGAL AND PRACTICAL CHALLENGES, INDIAN JOURNAL OF LEGAL REVIEW (IJLR), 6 (8) OF 2026, PG. 439-453, APIS – 3920 – 0001 & ISSN – 2583-2344.

ABSTRACT

Workplace sexual harassment constitutes a serious violation of constitutional and human rights, undermining equality, dignity, liberty, and safe working conditions. It adversely affects employees’ mental well-being, professional autonomy, and equal participation in employment. The enactment of the Sexual Harassment of Women at Workplace (Prevention, Prohibition and Redressal) Act, 2013 (POSH Act), following the landmark Vishaka v. State of Rajasthan judgment, marked a significant milestone. The Supreme Court in Vishaka recognized sexual harassment as a violation of fundamental rights under Articles 14, 15, 19, and 21 of the Constitution.

This paper examines the conceptual and legal dimensions of workplace sexual harassment through constitutional principles, statutory provisions, judicial precedents, and India’s international obligations, particularly CEDAW and ILO standards. It analyses various forms of harassment including quid pro quo, hostile work environment, verbal, non-verbal, physical, and emerging cyber harassment highlighting how misconduct extends to psychological intimidation and digital platforms in virtual workplaces.

The study evaluates the impact on women’s professional opportunities, economic independence, and mental health, while scrutinizing employers’ obligations to constitute Internal Committees, implement preventive mechanisms, and establish effective redressal systems. Despite progressive legislation, persistent challenges such as poor implementation, lack of awareness, fear of retaliation, social stigma, procedural gaps, and inadequate institutional compliance remain.

The paper concludes that ensuring harassment-free workplaces is a constitutional and human rights imperative. It recommends stricter enforcement of the POSH Act, regular awareness programmes, enhanced compliance monitoring, gender-sensitive policies, and adaptive frameworks to address technological advancements in modern employment. Continuous judicial and legislative evolution is essential to uphold dignity, equality, and safety at work.

Keywords: Workplace Sexual Harassment, POSH Act, Constitutional Rights, Gender Equality, CEDAW, Hostile Work Environment, Workplace Dignity, Human Rights.

LEGAL FRAMEWORK AND CHALLENGES OF COOPERATIVE BANKING IN INDIA

AUTHOR – RADHIKA, LLM STUDENT AT SANT BABA BHAG SINGH UNIVERSITY VILLAGE KHIALA PADHIANA DIST JALANDHAR

BEST CITATION – RADHIKA, LEGAL FRAMEWORK AND CHALLENGES OF COOPERATIVE BANKING IN INDIA, INDIAN JOURNAL OF LEGAL REVIEW (IJLR), 6 (8) OF 2026, PG. 434-438, APIS – 3920 – 0001 & ISSN – 2583-2344.

Abstract

Cooperative banking in India occupies an important place in the country’s financial system, particularly in rural and semi-urban areas. Cooperative banks function on the principles of mutual assistance, democratic management, and financial inclusion. These institutions play a significant role in providing affordable credit to farmers, small traders, artisans, and weaker sections of society. The legal framework governing cooperative banks in India is complex because cooperative banks are regulated by both banking laws and cooperative society laws. The Reserve Bank of India (RBI), National Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development (NABARD), state governments, and Registrars of Cooperative Societies jointly supervise cooperative banks. Despite their contribution to rural development and financial inclusion, cooperative banks face several legal and operational challenges such as dual regulation, political interference, weak governance, corruption, financial instability, and rising non-performing assets (NPAs). This research paper examines the legal framework governing cooperative banks in India and analyses the major challenges faced by the sector.

DIGITAL EXPANSION AND WHITE-COLLAR CRIME: EXAMINING FRAUD AND REGULATORY FAILURES IN INDIA’S HEALTHCARE SYSTEM

AUTHOR – NUR NAHAR AMIN, SYMBIOSIS LAW SCHOOL HYDERABAD

BEST CITATION – NUR NAHAR AMIN, DIGITAL EXPANSION AND WHITE-COLLAR CRIME: EXAMINING FRAUD AND REGULATORY FAILURES IN INDIA’S HEALTHCARE SYSTEM, INDIAN JOURNAL OF LEGAL REVIEW (IJLR), 6 (8) OF 2026, PG. 426-433, APIS – 3920 – 0001 & ISSN – 2583-2344.

Abstract

White collar crime within the healthcare sector has become apparent as an outstanding governance concern in India as healthcare fraud is a serious issue, and when it is committed by customers, it becomes a more serious issue in India’s healthcare system, which not only affects its stability but also efficiency and quality of services. Now there is an expansion of digital health records, government insurance schemes, private healthcare institutions, and even opportunities for activities that are fraudulent such as false insurance claims, manipulated medical bills, and there is an increase in unnecessary treatments. This study examines how fraud like this is common as it takes different forms and how it impacts healthcare institutions. However, there are government initiatives like Ayushman Bharat and the National Digital Health Mission which was introduced for the purpose to improve transparency and access and also existing preventive mechanisms still remain inadequate. The study suggests that advanced technologies such as Artificial Intelligence, Machine learning, and blockchain, and with these technologies, there are stronger regulatory frameworks, increased public awareness, and improved public-private collaboration which are essential in order to prevent fraud. Overall, the research emphasises the need for comprehensive policy reforms in order to ensure a more transparent, reliable, and sustainable healthcare system in India.

Keywords: White-Collar Crime, Healthcare Fraud, Digital Healthcare, Insurance Fraud, Artificial Intelligence

VICTIM PARTICIPATION IN CRIMINAL JUSTICE: AN ANALYSIS OF ITS ROLE IN ENHANCING JUSTICE DELIVERY IN INDIA

AUTHOR – ANIL KUMAR YADAV, SENIOR RESEARCH FELLOW AT FACULTY OF LAW, UNIVERSITY OF DELHI

BEST CITATION – ANIL KUMAR YADAV, VICTIM PARTICIPATION IN CRIMINAL JUSTICE: AN ANALYSIS OF ITS ROLE IN ENHANCING JUSTICE DELIVERY IN INDIA, INDIAN JOURNAL OF LEGAL REVIEW (IJLR), 6 (8) OF 2026, PG. 417-425, APIS – 3920 – 0001 & ISSN – 2583-2344. DOI – https://doi.org/10.65393/IJLRV6I841

Abstract

The increasing recognition of victims within criminal justice systems marks a significant departure from the traditional state-centric model of adjudication. This article critically examines the nature, scope, and effectiveness of victim participation in the Indian criminal justice system, situating it within comparative frameworks drawn from the United Kingdom and the United States. It argues that while victim participation contributes to procedural fairness and victim satisfaction, its transformative potential remains constrained by the structural logic of adversarial systems. Through a detailed doctrinal analysis, supported by theoretical and comparative insights, the article demonstrates that victim participation in India remains fragmented and weakly implemented. It further contends that meaningful participation requires structural coherence, enforceability, and institutional support rather than mere formal recognition. The article concludes by advancing a conditional model of victim participation that balances inclusion with the fundamental principles of criminal justice.

MISLEADING ADVERTISEMENTS IN INDIA: CONTENT-BASED LIABILITY TO PLATFORM GOVERNANCE IN THE DIGITAL AGE

AUTHOR – ANANYA SHARMA, STUDENT AT AMITY UNIVERSITY, NOIDA

BEST CITATION – ANANYA SHARMA,MISLEADING ADVERTISEMENTS IN INDIA: CONTENT-BASED LIABILITY TO PLATFORM GOVERNANCE IN THE DIGITAL AGE, INDIAN JOURNAL OF LEGAL REVIEW (IJLR), 6 (8) OF 2026, PG. 336-347, APIS – 3920 – 0001 & ISSN – 2583-2344. DOI – https://doi.org/10.65393/IJLRV6I833

Abstract

In 2020 the digital economy has masked distinctions between traditional advertising, influencer marketing and immersive, sensory real time marketing, creating a playful ecosystem of commercial influence that evades regulation in India.

This chapter is in five parts. First, it provides the constitutional framework for regulating commercial speech under Article 19(1)(a) that evolves from the early ostracism of commercial expression in Hamdard Dawakhana v. Union of India to its recognition in Tata Press Ltd. v. MTNL, and its relation with the constitutional right of informational privacy in K.S. Puttaswamy v. Union of India. Second, it describes the flaws of the existing regulatory paradigm with respect to the emphasis on content-based definitions of misdemeanor, the platform safe harbor doctrine that exempts the most commercially important players from the regulatory net, the misleadingly low caps on penalties and institutional disjointedness that promotes rational non-compliance (“non-compliance”).

It counters direct importation with smart adaptation: it promotes regulatory transplantation, but Indian adaptation of regulatory principles to its institutional characteristics and constitutional structures. At the heart of it lies the argument that, for India to manage commercial influence, a reconceptualization of India’s digital content control from violation of content to ecosystem is crucial.

This requires a cohesive framework respecting graduated platform liability, binding traceability requirements of disclosure and transparency regarding the workings of algorithms, penalties aligned with turnover and the creation of a formal co-regulatory structure with the CCPA, the Data Protection Board of India and ASCI. Without this reframing, incremental legislative changes will continue to offer normative aspirations without efficacy norms on paper that have no teeth.

CRIMINAL PROFILING AND ITS EVIDENTIARY VALUE IN THE PROSECUTION OF SERIAL KILLERS

AUTHOR – SALONI SINGH, LLM STUDENT AT AMITY UNIVERSITY NOIDA

BEST CITATION – SALONI SINGH,CRIMINAL PROFILING AND ITS EVIDENTIARY VALUE IN THE PROSECUTION OF SERIAL KILLERS, INDIAN JOURNAL OF LEGAL REVIEW (IJLR), 6 (8) OF 2026, PG. 408-416, APIS – 3920 – 0001 & ISSN – 2583-2344.

Introduction

Serial homicide represents one of the most complex and disturbing forms of violent crime within the criminal justice system. Unlike ordinary murders that may arise from sudden anger, personal rivalry, or emotional provocation, serial killings involve multiple murders committed over a prolonged period with a recurring behavioural or psychological pattern connecting each offence. The offender usually experiences a “cooling-off period” between killings, during which they temporarily return to normal life before repeating the act. This repetitive nature of serial homicide reflects deep-rooted psychological compulsions and distinguishes serial killers from other categories of violent offenders.

JUVENILE DELINQUENCY: AN ANALYTICAL STUDY OF ITS CAUSES AND PREVENTIVE MEASURES

AUTHOR – DR. BRUHASPATI SABAR* & MANTREE MAJHI**

* ASSISTANT PROFESSOR LINGARAJ LAW COLLEGE, BERHAMPUR, ODISHA

** 2 ND YEAR  LLB STUDENT OF LINGARAJ LAW COLLEGE , BERHAMPUR , ODISHA

BEST CITATION – DR. BRUHASPATI SABAR & MANTREE MAJHI, JUVENILE DELINQUENCY: AN ANALYTICAL STUDY OF ITS CAUSES AND PREVENTIVE MEASURES, INDIAN JOURNAL OF LEGAL REVIEW (IJLR), 6 (8) OF 2026, PG. 401-407, APIS – 3920 – 0001 & ISSN – 2583-2344.

ABSTRACT

   Juvenile delinquency is a serious problem in India.Increasing involvement of juvenilesin crime activities has emerged as a matter of serious concern in the contemporary era, raising complex ethical, legal and procedural challenges. In this context(Care and Protection of Children) Act 2015 represents a significant legislative advancement in the domain of modern Juvenile Justice, aiming to address these challenges through a comprehensive and child-centric legal framework. The cause of Juvenile delinquents is multifaceted angels. Poverty, social inequality, lack of education and family dysfunction are often contributing on juvenile delinquency. It evaluates an effectiveness of legal framework to check such crime in every corner of the country. The resercher adopts a doctrinal methodology and analysis the existing legal frame works on such Information Technology Act 2000& Juvenile justice (Care and Protection of children ) Act 2015. This paper aims at discussing the why minor are more involving themselves into committing offences. Finally, the study suggests on preventive and rehabilitative measure of the offenders and could have allowed them in main stream of any society.

Keywords:    Juvenile delinquency, Causes, Legal framework, Preventive, and   Justice