EVOLUTION OF CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY

AUTHOR – SAKEE.N* & DR.S.MARUTHAVIJAN**

* STUDENT AT SCHOOL OF EXCELLENCE IN LAW, TAMILNADU DR. AMBEDKAR LAW UNIVERSITY. SAKEENAMBI2004@GMAIL.COM

** ASSISTANT PROFESSOR AT SCHOOL OF EXCELLENCE IN LAW, TAMILNADU DR. AMBEDKAR LAW UNIVERSITY

BEST CITATION – SAKEE.N & DR.S.MARUTHAVIJAN, EVOLUTION OF CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY, INDIAN JOURNAL OF LEGAL REVIEW (IJLR), 5 (6) OF 2025, PG. 632-640, APIS – 3920 – 0001 & ISSN – 2583-2344

Abstract

Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) has evolved from voluntary philanthropic activities to a strategic component of modern business operations. Over the decades, CSR has been influenced by changing societal expectations, globalization, regulatory frameworks, and the need for sustainable development. This paper traces the historical trajectory of CSR from ancient ethical concepts to its present-day institutionalized form. It explores key global and Indian developments, highlighting the shift from optional good deeds to mandated social investments. The study also examines the transformation of CSR into a tool for competitive advantage and long-term stakeholder engagement. Through a review of literature and policy developments, the paper offers a conceptual understanding of CSR’s evolution and the challenges that continue to shape its future.

Keywords:

Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR), Sustainability, Philanthropy, Stakeholder Theory, India, ESG, Business Ethics, Companies Act 2013