A CRITICAL ANALYSIS OF THE EMPLOYEES’ COMPENSATION ACT, 1923: ADDRESSING GAPS IN COMPENSATION FOR OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES AND INJURIES IN THE MODERN WORKFORCE

AUTHOR – MUHAMMAD ZIAUR RAHMAN & FATMA AL ZAHRA, STUDENTS AT TAMILNADU DR. AMBEDKAR LAW UNIVERSITY, CHENNAI

BEST CITATION – MUHAMMAD ZIAUR RAHMAN & FATMA AL ZAHRA, A CRITICAL ANALYSIS OF THE EMPLOYEES’ COMPENSATION ACT, 1923: ADDRESSING GAPS IN COMPENSATION FOR OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES AND INJURIES IN THE MODERN WORKFORCE, INDIAN JOURNAL OF LEGAL REVIEW (IJLR), 5 (6) OF 2025, PG. 451-459, APIS – 3920 – 0001 & ISSN – 2583-2344

Introduction

Labour welfare and social security are integral aspects of any progressive legal system, ensuring that employees receive adequate protection from workplace-related risks. The Employees’ Compensation Act, 1923 (formerly the Workmen’s Compensation Act, 1923) is one of the earliest pieces of legislation in India that provides monetary compensation to employees or their dependents in case of injuries, disabilities, or death arising out of and in the course of employment. Enacted during the colonial era, the Act aimed to impose liability on employers for workplace accidents at a time when industrialization was rapidly growing but lacked robust worker protections.